A state-of-the-art radiation detection system for simultaneous spectroscopy
of beta-particles and gamma-rays has been developed. The system utilizes a triplelayer
phoswich detector and a customized Digital Pulse Processor (DPP) built in
our laboratory. The DPP board was designed to digitally capture the analog signal
pulses and, following several digital preprocessing...
Multi-layer optically coupled scintillation based radiation detectors, known as phoswich detectors, have rapidly evolved in recent years. During the same time, digital signal processing has improved radiation discrimination accuracy and enhanced reliability, while reducing complexity and size of traditional analog signal processing methods. A new generation of high-speed radiation detectors...
The Code of Federal Regulations (10CFR20.1201) mandates occupational dose limits to the shallow, lens and deep tissue layers. The NRC-accepted procedure of estimating dose to these layers from contamination events is laborious. The current work aims to further the development of a portable phoswich-style skin dosimeter that will operate in...
The immobilization of chelators to solid supports has recently gained renewed interest due to the increasing biomedical and environmental applications made possible by these molecules’ ability to bind Fe(III) and other metal ions. The uses of immobilized chelators have expanded to include the treatment of metal overload in serum, the...
The XEPHWICH system is a phoswich type (multiple scintillator) radiation
detector designed to detect several radioxenon isotopes with the goal of identifying covert
nuclear explosions. The XEPHWICH system is designed with the sole purpose of
replacing the Automated Radio-xenon Sampler/Analyzer (ARSA) in the United Nation's
(UN) Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty's...
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) sets regulations for specific depths in the human skin for exposure to highly localized radioactive particles known as hot particles. This research determines the dose rate to a 10 cm² area with a density thickness of 1 mg/cm² at depths representing shallow dose, lens of...
The use of Ionization Chambers and Thermo-luminescent dosimeters (TLD's) in the medical field has established a need to determine if the skin depth dose response is comparable between the two detectors. This research will determine if the dose response from an Ionization chamber is comparable to a Thermo-luminescent dosimeter system...
Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common malignancy in Caucasian populations. One existing treatment modality for NMSCs is external radiotherapy delivered to the skin cancer tumor by a beta-emitter-containing radioactive skin patch. Alpha emitters, with their higher linear energy transfer than beta particles and shorter range in tissue, make...
Voluntourism is a field of service work that combines volunteer work and leisure travel. With its increase in popularity in recent years, research concerning the impacts of voluntourism in developing countries is lacking. This study aims to discover the impacts that volunteers have on communities, specifically in Nepal. Using a...
Real-time, high efficiency neutron spectroscopy has, historically, been a persistent challenge in the field of radiation detection and, for the most part, has gone unsolved. The most promising method to resolve this challenge, is the boron-capture technique using an organic scintillation system (BC-523a). Detectors that utilize this method possess an...
The goal of this project was to write a children’s book featuring same-sex and interracial families for children to both see themselves represented as well as to expose others to diverse, and increasingly common, family types. The creation of the book was guided by an analysis of the books available...
The management of small-scale fisheries (SSF) around the world is facing increasing demands for reformation given ecological, social, and economic vulnerabilities. The governance of SSF is particularly important to foster the sustainability of these systems given that it combines regulatory instruments, interactive participation of diverse stakeholders, and the guiding values...
Decision-making is a highly complex process influenced by the values, attitudes, and cognitive biases of the decision-maker. The classical model of decision-making fails to fully incorporate how decisions are made in situations of uncertainty, where having complete knowledge of all possible outcomes and alternatives is not always possible. In highly...
Nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) is a viable technology for near-term interplanetary exploration. Of the candidate mission architectures that are currently available for a crewed Mars mission, NTP permits the greatest flexibility in launch window selection and provides the shortest possible trip time, thereby reducing risks associated with cosmic ray exposure,...
The Oregon Department of Energy has set up recommendations for agricultural crop and non-crop embargo zones following an accidental or purposeful radioactive release. Of special interest are the FDA’s Derived Intervention Levels (DIL) and the state’s exposure limit of 0.4µR/hr. At the Oregon State University Emergency Response Research and Support...
The objectives of this research is to advance human health by evaluating interventions to minimize the detrimental effects of acute whole body gamma irradiation on bone metabolism, bone architecture and bone reconstruction using a mouse model. Total body irradiation (TBI) followed by adoptive transfer of bone marrow from donor animals...
In Oregon, outdoor recreation activities have continued to grow in popularity, as has the overall Latin@ population of the state. With the continual population increase of this ethnic group, researchers have focused on understanding their outdoor recreation habits through an environmental justice lens. This includes accessibility, affordability, and other barriers...
The National Pygmy Goat Association is a hobby livestock organization founded in 1975. Over the past five decades, it has grown in size and importance, occupying a niche role as the primary breed registry and certification authority for the smallest domestic ruminant. This history attempts to capture the scope of...
Cancer risk at low-dose ionizing radiation has been the subject of great scientific controversy in the past century. The clear majority of national and international radiation protection regulators adopt the linear no-threshold (LNT) model based on the atomic-bomb survivors Life Span Study (LSS) for solid cancer risk assessment. The LNT...
The purpose of this research was to develop and test a radiation detector to perform beta dosimetry and spectroscopy. The detector utilizes plastic scintillator volumes to produce scintillation light in proportion to the amount of energy deposited in them, and a large-area avalanche photodiode to convert the light to electrical...
Tissue weighting factors, w[subscript T], used to convert equivalent dose to effective dose, account for differences in radiosensitivity of various organs in the human body and allow users to compare individual organ detriment to whole body risk. They are explicitly calculated in ICRP 26, 60, and 103, although the methods...
The recent reductions to the international dose limit recommendations for the lens
of the eye have renewed interest in radiation protection strategies in interventional
fluoroscopy, where eye-lens radiation exposure occurs frequently. Radiationshielding
eyewear can significantly reduce lens dose in these scenarios, but accurate
protection factors are elusive because they depend...
The social sciences have the capacity to contribute to natural resource management through investigations of human dynamics associated with the environment. Sense of place (SOP), the formed relationships between an individual and the environment, has been considered a fundamental aspect of human well-being and can contribute to more holistic understanding...
To quantify the relative activity contributions of beta emitters in mixed emission source spectra, the triple-layer phoswich detector was modeled to generate beta energy absorption spectra from mixed beta sources. These mixed sources include four pure beta emitters (C-14, Tc-99, Sr-90, and Y-90). Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) computer code was...
International recommendations provided by the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP), as well as national regulations, set by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), state that the exposure of skin to highly concentrated radioactive sources should be monitored at specified depths in skin and kept below specific dose equivalence levels....
Bioprocessing design includes optimizing unit operations in a process in order to attain a desired amount of product. Process economics, safety, environmental impact, and product quality are considered. This study investigated which skills and conceptual knowledge related to bioprocessing design were most important for entry-level engineers in the bioprocessing industry....
This thesis consists of three studies to better understand the environmental sustainability potential for algal-based biofuels. Initially, a comparison of recent life cycle assessments (LCA) of theoretical full-scale algal biofuel facilities was developed. These studies include varying boundaries and scope, functional units, and technology maturity assumptions. The comparison converted results...
The social sciences are increasingly used in conservation to describe interactions and relationships between humans, wildlife, and ecosystems. Scientists and policy-makers have concluded that promoting human tolerance for wildlife is critical to the success of conservation efforts. Yet, the concept of tolerance is relatively new in the context of human-wildlife...
The Scab Sheet is a student activist publication at OSU. Originally published in 1969-1970, a group of students revived it in 2017 after a near 50-year gap. The fact that students deliberately resurrected this important and storied student publication suggests that students still believe this particular name and outlet have...
Curcumin is a yellow colored bioactive pigment present in the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa). It has been identified with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antirheumatic, antidiabetic and antiviral properties. It is extensively used in nutraceutical, food and cosmetics industry. Fueled by its potential uses in research community and rise in awareness...
Currently the production of biofuel from algae is not economically competitive with petroleum fuel. However, co-production of high-value products may be able to justify the cost of large-scale algae cultivation. The basic goal of this study is to develop a techno-economic analysis (TEA) and Life-cycle assessment (LCA) for the production...
The population of minority groups is on the rise in the US, yet still minorities are not proportionally represented in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Of these minorities there are 4 races/ethnicities that are vastly under represented: Blacks, Hispanics, American Indians/Native Alaskans, and Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders. For the US to...
Watershed analysis is a method used to collectively characterize ecosystem elements present within a watershed. Wastewater flow and pollutant content help to define the appropriate wastewater treatment system necessary to treat the wastewater within the watershed. Watershed monitoring aids to investigate the potential contamination through analysis of surface waterbodies. Major...
In Washington State, regional leaders have acknowledged the intrinsic value of nature and are striving to provide equal consideration to both human and nonhuman nature in the quest to restore the Puget Sound. But watershed-based committees supporting this work have faced challenges to effectively consider human wellbeing (HWB) in their...
This study seeks to examine the participation and representation of stakeholders involved in the Southern Resident Killer Whale Task Force during their first year, culminating in the publishing of their Year One Report and Recommendations for actions with the goal of moving the Southern Resident killer whales toward recovery. This...
Indigenous management and coordinated co-management of natural resources is an emotionally filled topic, especially for those within the Puget Sound region of Washington, but has yet to be studied in depth from the emotional perspective of residents. This research used sentiment analysis to find the overarching sentiment of indigenous fisheries,...
A techno-economic analysis (TEA) was performed to evaluate the technology, cost, and resource use for algal biofuel production based on today’s economics and technology. The basic goal of this study is to develop a model to calculate the mass and energy balances and costs to produce 10 million gal of...
Functional polymers and proteins at interfaces and surfaces are of fundamental importance for biomaterials, biocatalysis and microreactor applications. Candida antarctica lipase B immobilized on poly-DL-tryptophan tethers showed 30x higher
specific activity in aqueous and non-aqueous media than the same enzyme adsorbed or covalently bound directly to the surface. An excess...
The natural environment provides important services and benefits to peoples’ health and lives. Conversely, environmental disservices can have negative impacts on humans such as through pollution, chemical toxins, and climate change. The combination of environmental services and disservices encompass how human health and wellbeing, and the environment are connected. As...
Despite growing efforts to recruit individuals from diverse backgrounds, natural resources fields, including marine aquatic and fisheries science, do not reflect the diversity of the United States. This dissertation utilized three studies to explore underrepresentation in marine, aquatic, and fisheries sciences by examining career influences, experiences, and perspectives at different...
Dramatic and ongoing changes pervading the Arctic and subarctic seas over
recent decades have motivated this effort to track and better understand hydrographic
variability using chemical tracers. Particular emphasis has been paid to differentiating
freshwater contributions to upper layers: namely Pacific water, meteoric water, and
sea-ice melt/formation.
Data collected in...
'Hot particle' skin dosimetry calculations are commonly performed using homogeneous dose-point kernels (DPK) in conjunction with scaling and backscatter models to account for non-homogeneous geometries. A new scaling model for determining the actual DPK for beta-particles transmitted by a high-Z source material has been developed. The model is based on...
The human health and environmental effects following a postulated accidental release of radioactive material to the environment has been a public and regulatory concern since the early development of nuclear technology and researched extensively to better understand the potential risks for accident mitigation and emergency planning purposes. The objective of...
Current neutron dosimetry methods rely on the assumption that charged particle equilibrium (CPE) is established within the tissue medium. This maintains that the kinetic energy transferred to the medium (KERMA) is equivalent to absorbed dose. However, this assumption is only valid for large volumes such as the whole body. For...
In the first experiment the minimum dietary toxic levels of vitamin A were determined in pregnant rabbits over three parities. The treatments consisted of basal diet plus 10,000, 30,000, 60,000, and 90,000 IU/Kg added vitamin A. The basal diet was formulated to be free of vitamin A and beta-carotene; rice...
The lens dose equivalent (LDE) is a regulatory limit set to protect radiation workers. Current methods for estimating the LDE are specific to beam sources in a vacuum and require interpolating data from tables. A new set of deterministic equations for photon and electron point sources has been developed. These...
A lack of data concerning tungsten-based medical shields, specifically unit dose transport pigs, may lead to unnecessary exposure to medical personnel. Available research comparing lead to sintered tungsten shows that tungsten is approximately 1.5 - 10.0 times more effective as a radiation shield. However, this research lacks high-energy vs. low-energy...
Acoustic scattering layers of biological origin have been observed for nearly 70 years across the world’s oceans. The organisms that comprise these layers are known to be important features in most oceanic ecosystems, providing a vital trophic link between small phytoplankton grazers and larger species. There are many aspects of...
Parents shape their adolescents’ gender role attitudes through the process of gender role socialization. How parents socialize their adolescent’s gender role attitudes has long-lasting impacts on how youth navigate social relationships, envision work and family roles, and enforce or reject gender stereotypes. Adolescence is a period in which romantic interests,...
Degradation of lignin to simpler compounds is desirable for removing residual lignin during paper manufacture and accessing biomass carbohydrates for biofuel production, among other purposes. Lignin transformation using enzymes found in white rot fungi, some of nature's most efficient lignin-degrading organisms, offers a more environmentally benign, selective, and possibly less...
The European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is a tree nut crop that is important in Oregon, which produces 99% of the United States’ hazelnuts but only 5% of the world’s supply. In order to maintain this market share, farmers in Oregon need cultivars that produce high quality nuts, mature early,...
On a global scale, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plays an important role in tackling the threat of food insecurity due to its high yield and broad global acceptance. However, pathogens threaten potato production, causing direct yield loss and rendering potatoes tubers unmarketable. Breeding new cultivars that carry multiple resistances is...
Internal dosimetry models show a representation of how radionuclides move through the body. This study takes a look at radiation wounds by modelling a puncture wound to the hand using Microshield software. An analysis of these models provides a triangulation method that could be used to investigate wound characteristics, as...
Compliance with 10CFR 20.101 requires that exposure to the skin be assessed at a depth of 0.007 cm over 10 cm² area. This depth generally corresponds to the interface between the epidermal and dermal layers of the skin. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission states the criteria for evaluating skin dose from...
As human exploration of space continues, eventually sights will be set on establishing a permanent manned habitat on the surface of Mars. The success of such a base will depend on many new and developing technologies. Low mass and high energy density power production units will be of paramount importance....
This work focuses on the generation and collection of four specific
radioxenon isotopes; xenon-131m, xenon-133m, xenon-133 and xenon-135. These
nuclides are created by fissioning a highly enriched uranium sample using a
thermal neutron source from a university research reactor. The three main aspects
of this work include:
(1) Conducting preliminary...
When the ICRP updated their recommended limits for eye dose, they ignited a renewed interest in eye dosimetry. Especially, how the updated eye dose estimates affect current regulations and what that would mean to a radiation worker. Radiation workers are commonly required to wear leaded eyeglasses to reduce their dose...
CR-39 foils were irradiated as part of nuclear accident dosimetry experiments using the Godiva reactor at the Nevada National Security Site and the Caliban and Prospero reactors at the Valduc Centre for Nuclear Studies in France. The irradiated foils were chemically etched using the standard Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory process...
As mandated by the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), the United States (US) is involved in the development and deployment of an International Monitoring System (IMS) for monitoring nuclear explosions. The US system, developed at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, is known as the Automated Radioxenon Sampler/Analyzer (ARSA). The US...
Since the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) recommended a revision to the eye lens dose limits in ICRP Publication 118 (Stewart, 2012) the radiation protection community has conducted many new studies related to eye dosimetry. The recommended reduction of eye lens dose limits may result in the reduction of...
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______________________________________________________________
David M. Hamby
Abstract:
Since the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP
The Department of Nuclear Engineering at Oregon State University has recently introduced a neutron radiography facility (OSNRF). The facility is dependent on a neutron source established by the OSU TRIGA® Reactor (OSTR). It was unknown how accurately a computerized model of the OSTR in conjunction with the OSNRF could represent...
Digital Instrumentation and Detection is becoming the future of radiation detection and measurement. Computers are able to perform digitally what before would have taken an extensive array of analog equipment. The art of teaching radiation detection and measurement is following this same pattern of a shift from purely analog to...
New delivery methods for radiotracers are constantly being proposed. Two key properties of the delivery method must be analyzed: dose to patient and effectiveness of delivery. In this work, the localized skin dose for intranasal administration of 18F was determined utilizing MCNP code. An anatomically accurate nasal cavity was constructed...
Fortuitous dosimeters are radiosensitive objects carried by an individual who was exposed to radiation. These objects can be analyzed some time after exposure and the results can be used to aid in calculating radiation fields and doses received by individuals. Items that make good fortuitous dosimeters are those that are...
Nuclear energy is very efficient and cost-effective, but the stigma attached to it hinders its expansion around the world. However, with rising concerns over climate change and the fact that nuclear energy effectively has zero greenhouse gas emissions, there is an opportunity for nuclear to be more acceptable as a...
The National Council of Radiation Protection and Measurements
Report No. 49, originally issued on September 15, 1976, has been the
primary design guide for diagnostic x-ray structural shielding in the
United States. To further protect the public from various areas of
medical radiation exposure, NCRP issued Report 116 in 1987...
The Joint Water Commission (JWC) in Forest Grove, Oregon completed a greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory of all the direct and indirect emissions associated with the daily operations of its 75 MGD conventional water treatment plant. Currently, very few water and wastewater facilities have completed a greenhouse gas inventory to date....
Conventional monitoring to assess water quality of drinking water sources in streams and rivers is typically focused on identifying primary sources and conditions that are associated with mobilization of contaminants. This approach is often organized as a series of discrete samples collected in such a way as to capture the...
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the study was to determine whether there were
significant differences in students' career maturity as a result of
exposure to the concepts of career education. The study evaluated the
relative effectiveness of a developing comprehensive career education
project to help students attain increased...
Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is a devastating invasive pest of small and stone fruits in the Americas and Europe. To better understand the population dynamics of D. suzukii, we reviewed recent work on juvenile development, adult reproduction, and seasonal variation in life history parameters including the abiotic/biotic factors that...
Full Text:
, and
reproductive biology of Drosophila suzukii
KellyA. Hamby, David Bellamy, Joanna C. Chiu
Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is a devastating invasive pest of small and stone fruits in the Americas and Europe. To better understand the population dynamics of D. suzukii, we reviewed recent work on juvenile development, adult reproduction, and seasonal variation in life history parameters including the abiotic/biotic factors that...
Full Text:
supplementary
material, which is available to authorized users.
& KellyA. Hamby
kahamby@umd.edu
1 Department
Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is a devastating invasive pest of small and stone fruits in the Americas and Europe. To better understand the population dynamics of D. suzukii, we reviewed recent work on juvenile development, adult reproduction, and seasonal variation in life history parameters including the abiotic/biotic factors that...
Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is a devastating invasive pest of small and stone fruits in the Americas and Europe. To better understand the population dynamics of D. suzukii, we reviewed recent work on juvenile development, adult reproduction, and seasonal variation in life history parameters including the abiotic/biotic factors that...
There is a significant role in emergency response and personal radiation safety that can be played by a compact radiation detector that is capable of identifying radionuclides. Herein is described the design, construction, and characterization of a small, low-cost, low-power gamma ray spectrometer prototype intended to fill this role, conducted...
Cannabis sativa L. is emerging as an economically important crop, particularly for its high levels of cannabinoid production. One of these cannabinoids, cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), is the precursor to many well-researched cannabinoids such as the psychotropic delta-9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (Δ9-THCA i.e., THCA) and the medically relevant cannabidiolic acid (CBDA). CBGA has...
Two separate research projects are described here. One involves
development of a new analytical method for determination of Ba in seawater and
other natural waters. The other is a collaborative field study of the chemistry of
Lake Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan.
The method project explored an ion chromatography-fluorescence detection
bench-top approach for...
Suspensory apparatus breakdown and hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal (fetlock) joints is a common condition in the llama and has been observed in llamas of all ages. Llama breeders refer to the condition as "down in the pasterns" or "down in the fetlocks." The condition can result in debilitating...
This project was initiated to find a practical way of
identifying the volatiles and monitoring their relative concentrations.
Special attention was given to the identification
of the organic acids.
Volatile compounds produced in a swine confinement
building were trapped by porous polymers, Porapak Ω and Tenax
GC, and identified by...
Load modeling that can accurately represent the dynamic behavior of generators and loads is important in the operation and planning of transmission and distribution systems. Yet, it is a complex subject in power system research communities and electric utilities. The composition of the end-use loads is changing continually based on...
Internal dosimetry is challenging and relies on estimates using MIRD or ICRP biokinetic models. To address this, we looked at gene expression analysis in whole blood from radiotherapy patients. Patients with relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma who received ¹³¹I-mIBG at UCSF were used to correlate internal ionizing radiation (IR) dose with...
Social and human services employees are on the forefront of social justice issues in the United States through their direct work with a wide array of oppressed and vulnerable people. As a field, these workers are proximal to people most acutely impacted by injustices. In Oregon, the principal agency for...
Rubber without reinforcement has limited applications. The strength of reinforced rubber composites can be ten times stronger than that of unreinforced rubbers. Therefore, rubber composites are widely used in various applications ranging from automobile tires to seals, valves, and gaskets because of their excellent mechanical elastic properties. Silica and carbon...
The goal of my thesis is to (a) help reveal to the Corvallis community who comprises this local population and (b) to share with local resource agencies what potential gaps are present from the perspectives of the homeless individuals who call Corvallis home. We interviewed eight (8) individuals who have...
Currently, the technologies used to separate lignocellulosic biomass into its component parts (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) and enzymatically hydrolyze the cellulose to glucose for conversion to ethanol could be improved economically and in terms of efficiency. A major impediment to utilizing the biomass is the presence of residual lignin. The...
Juvenile walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) are one of the primary prey items for bird and mammal predators in the Bering Sea and support a large commercial fishery. An understanding of the environmental factors that determine the horizontal and vertical distribution of juvenile pollock is needed to estimate the effects that...
Affective reactions to daily stressors are known mechanisms through which daily stressors impact health and well-being (e.g., Charles et al., 2013; Piazza et al., 2013; Sin et al., 2015; Stawski et al., 2019). Therefore, understanding what may promote resilience or vulnerability to such affective reactions is imperative. Theoretical perspectives (Almeida,...
Light plays an important role in ecological processes in the ocean both day and night. While relatively inexpensive, off the shelf instruments are available to measure Photosynthetically Active Radiation or PAR during the day, efforts to quantify light levels at night have proven more difficult. The goal of this work...
Small pelagic fish represent a critical trophic link between plankton and large predators in marine upwelling ecosystems such as the California Current System. Populations of these fish are highly variable over time and are characterized by extreme fluctuations in abundance, which have significant ecosystem impacts. The causes driving
this instability...
Black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) is a US Pacific Northwest specialty crop prized for its unique flavor profile and nutritional attributes. A major obstacle for the raspberry industry is Black raspberry necrosis virus vectored by the large raspberry aphid (Amphorophora agathonica). Market expansion depends on production, which is currently hindered...
Debris flows, common disturbances in many mountainous areas, initially scour or bury stream habitats; however, debris flows deliver vast amounts of wood, boulders, and gravel that may ultimately form complex stream habitat to potentially support a diverse salmonid assemblage. The materials deposited by debris flows would otherwise be inaccessible to...
Small hydroelectric development, the construction or reconstruction
of small scale hydropower systems, has become a much discussed alternative
for the future supply of U.S. energy. In the Pacific Northwest,
the greatest potential for small hydro application is in the development
of new dam sites. Although much is known about the...
Estuaries are an important ecological link between terrestrial, freshwater, and marine systems, but are also subject to a variety of human pressures. Along the West Coast of the United States, shellfish aquaculture is one extensive use of estuarine tidelands. Specifically, Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) aquaculture has been practiced for almost...
Vegetation patterns and species distributions are strongly linked to soil moisture regimes, and populations within a species from contrasting climatic regimes could exhibit differences in the degree to which certain functional traits related to establishment are expressed. Tree seedling survival is crucial for forest regeneration, and thus may be a...