Medical professionals experience higher rates of burnout than other professions due to the highly stressful nature of their environment. In 2018, 94 percent of physicians reported experiencing burnout – characterized by emotional fatigue, and feelings of depersonalization and low personal accomplishment – at some point in their careers. As emotional...
Both researchers and practitioners in fields related to emergency management (EM) use a variety of frameworks for different purposes including analysis, learning, and operations. Despite existing approaches in EM, such as comprehensive emergency management (CEM), the research community has been urged to construct a general normative theory for emergency management...
Emergency departments (ED) provide access to care for large numbers of patients who have nonemergent medical needs. More than half of the patients presenting to the ED at Salem Hospital in Salem, Oregon, were found to be seeking care for nonemergent medical needs. In an effort to provide an alternative...
The Columbia River Gillnetter is the pilot of the Lower Columbia River commercial fishing industry, keeping fishermen and the public in touch with today's important issues.
The Columbia River Gillnetter is the pilot of the Lower Columbia River commercial fishing industry, keeping fishermen and the public in touch with today's important issues.
The Columbia River Gillnetter is the pilot of the Lower Columbia River commercial fishing industry, keeping fishermen and the public in touch with today's important issues.
The Columbia River Gillnetter is the pilot of the Lower Columbia River commercial fishing industry, keeping fishermen and the public in touch with today's important issues.
The Columbia River Gillnetter is the pilot of the Lower Columbia River commercial fishing industry, keeping fishermen and the public in touch with today's important issues.
The Columbia River Gillnetter is the pilot of the Lower Columbia River commercial fishing industry, keeping fishermen and the public in touch with today's important issues.
The Columbia River Gillnetter is the pilot of the Lower Columbia River commercial fishing industry, keeping fishermen and the public in touch with today's important issues.
The Columbia River Gillnetter is the pilot of the Lower Columbia River commercial fishing industry, keeping fishermen and the public in touch with today's important issues.
OBJECTIVE – To determine the effect of 3 differing transfusion techniques on survival of autologous canine red blood cells (RBCs).
DESIGN – Prospective, blinded study.
SETTING – University Teaching Hospital.
ANIMALS – Nine healthy dogs.
INTERVENTIONS – Three distinct preparations of RBCs, each representing ~1% of red cell mass, were...
This thesis examines how changes made to the Oregon Health Plan (OHP) in 2003 impacts those now utilizing the emergency room (ER) for primary health care. This thesis also examines how these changes impact staff members working in the ER of Salem Hospital. Through the utilization of qualitative research methods,...
Campus administrators are partially responsible for how a campus responds to a critical incident and how the students and outside community are impacted. It is important for administrators responding to critical incidents to take an objective look at their plans and preparations to determine if they will truly be effective...
This dissertation primarily uses observations made during the 2005 Kashmir earthquake relief effort and available disaster literature to address problems that impede effective and efficient disaster preparedness and response. Three manuscripts form the body of the dissertation. The manuscripts are thematically linked through the Emergency Management Cycle. Each manuscript examines...
Lactate is an end-product of both aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis and it can be used as an energy source for tissues. It is produced by all cells in the mammalian body that can metabolize glucose. Increased production of lactate can be seen with there is an increase in cellular metabolism...
Improper disposal of unused human and pet pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are an emerging public and watershed health threat around the world. Although some waste stream reduction programs such as PPCPs "take-back" exist, there is limited research in current programs on reducing the entry of PPCPs into the...
This study aims to identify conceptions of the body, as well as "rational" treatment
among primary care practitioners (PCPs) and emergency medicine practitioners (EMPs)
dealing with managed care plans. I conducted ethnographic study throughout 1996, and
interviewed six PCPs and four EMPs. In the course of my interviews, I discovered...
Several states, including Oregon, Massachusetts and California, have been the focus of major health reform efforts in recent years. Oregon utilized a citizen-led commission to generate policy recommendations that led to the enactment of health reform legislation in 2009. This commission helped to create momentum and provide political cover for...
What constitutes quality of learning in primary care? A
social systems view of that central question regards the
relationships between dimensions of learning, purposes of
primary care, and quality of practice. The question of
learning quality was approached in three ways. First,
perceptions of learning quality were elicited through
recorded...
Hunger is among the greatest contemporary social problems in the United States. An incredible 48 million people, or 14% of households, experienced food insecurity during 2014. At the same time, public responses to food insecurity, such as the Emergency Food Assistance Program, have increasingly relied on the “emergency food network,”...
Reference genes are essential for studying mRNA expression with quantitative PCR (qPCR). We investigated 11 potential neutrophil reference genes (RPL19, GAPDH, ACTB, B2M, HPRT, G6PD, TFRC, PGK1, YWHAZ, SDHA and GYPC) for sheep under disease conditions of foot rot (FR) and with or without Se supplementation. Initial screening was based...
Purpose: The Purpose of this research was to design, implement and evaluate a patient centered asthma intervention pilot program directed by physicians and administered by community pharmacists to a group of Managed Care contracted Oregon Health Plan asthmatics. The evaluation was to determine if the proposed intervention could improve the...
The failure of the European Union’s Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) to develop a sustainable fishing environment for all member states is often blamed on the incompatibility of the territorial logic of national interests and the market forces of a de-territorialized European Union. Ironically, it is precisely this incompatibility that a...
The primary purpose of this study was to identify the competencies
needed to perform effectively as a long-term care administrator.
An original list of competency statements was generated from the literature
and from persons active in the field of long-term care administration.
This list of 53 statements was placed into...
Introduction: Management of complex systems is facilitated through effective information systems that provide real-time data to decision makers. For example, instrument panels in airplanes ensure that pilots have well-designed feedback concerning the status of mission-critical variables. Problem: While pilots have dashboards for feedback and communication, healthcare executives may be unaware...
Large-scale safety-net programs such as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) have been shown to alleviate the negative effects of low-wage jobs and unemployment on poor American households. However, less is known about the role of “emergency” safety net programs, such as rental...
Substantial research has shown deficits in the quality of end-of-life care in the U.S. In response to evidence of these deficits, efforts have been made to improve quality of end-of-life care. One approach has been to ask the question, "What is a good death?" Data on views of a good...
Cultural competence is a topic that concerns social scientists and medical anthropologists who pay attention to demographic changes and health disparities. This study demonstrates practical approaches to developing cultural competence in medical education by using factors from the social environment to develop protocols for action. With current concerns in domestic...
PURPOSE Rural hospitals began to make significant changes in the 1990s by becoming integrated with larger health systems. The literature has correlated several key measures that determine the success of integrated health systems. These measures were quality, financial strength, community benefit, physician outcomes, and service changes. The purpose of this...
Linear M-mode (1D) and later 2-dimensional (2D) measurements of the left atrium (LA) are commonly been used to assess LA size in veterinary studies despite the fact that studies in human subjects have shown that LA volume (LAV) more accurately reflects LA size than linear measurements due to the complex...
From February to September of 2001, a significant body of qualitive data was collected to investigate barriers for Hispanic participation in Oregon's managed care Medicaid program. As a means to investigate this topic, comments were solicited from physicians, hospital administrators, social service agencies, and low-income Hispanics through semi-structured focus groups...
The public controversy over possible health hazards from radioactive fallout from atomic bomb testing began in 1954, shortly after a thermonuclear test by the United States spread fallout world wide. In the dissertation, I address two of the fundamental questions of the fallout controversy: Was there a threshold of radiation...
By means of a case study and historical analysis, this dissertation examines the past and present of avian influenza. By integrating disconnected histories of human and animal influenza, this dissertation links historical insights with the concerns of contemporary avian flu science. It is not only a natural history of avian...
Alfaxalone (3a-hydroxy-5a-pregnane-11,20-dione) is a neuroactive steroid that can induce anesthesia. It has recently been reformulated and solubilized in 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HCPD). Propofol and the combination of ketamine and diazepam are commonly used induction drugs in all species. The objective of this prospective randomized and crossover design study was to evaluate the...
This exploratory study described the protected living environments of segregated Alzheimer/Dementia Units (ADUs) and compared them to selected physical aspects of the larger institutions in which they were housed. A nonrandom, purposive sample used in this study included 99 nursing homes with ADUs in 34 states. Data were collected using...
Healthcare discrimination is associated with various health-related attitudes, behaviors, intentions, and outcomes including provider avoidance, underutilization or increased use of healthcare services, use of alternative means of healthcare, delays in medical care, less satisfaction with care, poor health behaviors, and poorer health outcomes. Since 2001, Muslims and Arabs in the...
Low-income women in an Oregon city of approximately 35,000 inhabitants have limited access to prenatal care services during their pregnancies. The purpose of this study was to uncover the impacts of several factors on the experiences of twenty-seven health department clients with public health department prenatal care practitioners and with...
In August 2012, Oregon began enrolling Medicaid beneficiaries in coordinated care organizations (CCOs), a unique mandatory-enrollment accountable care organization (ACO) model with payment methods strongly tied to preventive care; care coordination; and integration of physical, mental and dental health care through patient-centered medical homes. This dissertation, consisting of two studies,...
Background:
Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is an accurate and precise biomarker for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in humans and cats. Serum creatinine (sCr) also correlates with GFR, but has limitations as a biomarker of renal function because nonrenal factors can influence its concentration.
Hypothesis:
Differences in lean body mass (LBM)...
This analysis is the study of Oregon's wildlife resources from
the period prior to white settlement up to the present time, including
critical projections, based on present trends and expected conditions
for both human and wildlife populations in the state up to the year 2010.
Prior to white settlement Oregon...
Veterinary medicine impacts everyone in the world to some degree and veterinary medicine is taught in some format in every country across the globe. However, veterinary education differs between countries due to the environmental and cultural variations. The purpose of this study was to investigate how veterinarians are trained in...
BACKGROUND: Increasing emphasis in performance-based payment, public reporting, and quality improvement
(QI) has led to widespread interest in measuring and improving the quality of care. By 2014, hospice programs
will be required to report quality data to the federal government or incur financial penalties. With this increased
interest in quality...
Intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) with tiludronate is a commonly used treatment for distal limb orthopedic disease in horses, but doses and protocols are anecdotal. IVRLP exposes articular cartilage within the perfused area to tiludronate, raising concerns about safety of this treatment, as high tiludronate concentrations (≥19mg/L) were harmful for...
Natural Hazards are a potential risk to Benton County small businesses. However, little has been done to help prepare, respond, recover or resume business following a significant disastrous event. 93 small businesses in Benton County responded to a mailed survey, and 10 additional small businesses participated in both mailed surveys...
An increasing number of children care for
themselves (self-care) while their parents are employed
outside the home. A literature review suggested a
connection between child care concerns and employed
parents' increased stress, role overload, and lower
productivity. This study evaluated the impact of an
educational training program for families with...
Burnout is a state of physical or emotional exhaustion and disconnectedness induced by continuous stress that affects various aspects of an individual’s life. Physicians experience burnout at a higher rate than other professions due to the highly stressful nature of their work. Consequently, physicians are at a higher risk of...
This research focuses on the economic and social impacts to women’s and children’s dental health after methamphetamine abuse. Family oral health status, access to professional services, health literacy and home hygienic practices are evaluated in the frameworks of critical medical anthropology, applied anthropological praxis and matrix and bio-psycho-social addiction models...
A study to evaluate the level of hospital preparedness to respond to a bioterrorist attack such as smallpox or anthrax, in the western United States (Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon and Washington) was conducted from May to September 2000. A survey questionnaire was mailed to 300 randomly selected hospitals. A...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease which poses health problems in human and veterinary medicine. SCI causes neurological disability, with loss of motor, sensory and autonomic function. This study investigated the efficacy of local treatment with IKVAV-peptide on spinal cord regeneration following compression injury at T12 vertebra in...
The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami raised concern among marine park managers and
hazard mitigation professionals about the significant impact of major coastal hazards
on marine park natural resources and ecosystems. The main reason for this concern is
the strong linkage of marine parks and their rich assortment of ecosystem services...
Radiological emergency plans ensure that protective actions can and will be taken in the event of an accident. Principle protective actions for the early phase of an emergency are evacuation and sheltering-in-place. While evacuations are generally safe, there are deterministic, long-term health consequences from prolonged displacement that outweigh the stochastic...
L. C. Dunn (1893-1974) spent most of his scientific career conducting research in
developmental genetics as a member of the Zoology Department at Columbia
University in the City of New York. He had an accomplished scientific career
researching mutations in mice, which earned him respect from other geneticists and
scientists....
Following World War II, the United States enjoyed unprecedented power and prestige. The wartime alliance with the Soviet Union quickly collapsed amid mutual suspicion and fear, however, resulting in the Cold War. Science was a significant political component in that ideological conflict. In the United States, inspired by Franklin D....
Background: Osteosarcoma in dogs and humans share many similarities and the dog has been described as an excellent model to study this disease. The median survival in dogs has not improved in the last 25 years. Taurolidine has been shown to be cytotoxic to canine and human osteosarcoma in vitro....
To determine effects of intraarticularly administered tiludronate on articular cartilage in vivo, eight healthy horses were injected once with tiludronate (low dose tiludronate [LDT] 0.017 mg, n = 4; high dose tiludronate [HDT] 50 mg, n = 4) into one middle carpal joint and with saline into the contralateral joint....