Forest species classifications are becoming increasingly automated as advances are made in machine learning. The algorithms used to identify tree species range from simple decision trees to intricate neural networks, and often excel in accurately delineating tree species. However, complex algorithms can have high input costs, including the cost of...
North America, with over 400 species of Astragalus (Fabaceae), is one of three major centers of diversity, all of which comprise the majority of the nearly 1750 species of Astragalus worldwide. One of the most diverse species, Astragalus lentiginosus of Section Diphysi, is a polymorphic complex of over 40 varieties,...
Mycorrhizal fungi in arid and semiarid rangelands have received little study in southwest Asia and north Africa, although they are important in food production and rangeland productivity. The desert truffles of the genera Terfezia and Tirmania form fruiting-bodies and mycorrhizae with rangeland plants. This thesis treats the taxonomy and the...
This classification lists the native plant associations known to occur in Oregon, and includes both successional and climax vegetation types that were an important part of the presettlement landscape of Oregon. It serves as an index to the diversity, distribution and relative rarity of the state's native plant associations, and...
The Mimulus washingtonensis complex is a group of morphologically similar
species centered in the Pacific Northwest. All are rare, and most are under
consideration for listing as endangered. Morphometric and pollination data were
used in developing a revised taxonomy for the group. Five species and two varieties
are recognized. Mimulus...
This field guide combines classifications of common streamside plant communities and native freshwater wetland communities in Northwest Oregon. It is a condensed version of two separate works which are both available on the CD that accompanies this book. The information is also available for reference or to download as a...
As of September 2017, most information about wetland plant associations in southwestern Oregon can only be found in unpublished reports that are not available in libraries or on the Internet. Jon Titus's unpublished summaries of plot data from vernal pools, serpentine fens, and other wetlands that he sampled in the...
This report was derived from field data collected by personnel of the US Forest Service (USFS) and Oregon Natural Heritage Program (ONHP). The area examined encompasses four National Forests (Gifford Pinchot, Willamette, Mt. Hood, and Siuslaw) and two Bureau of Land Management Districts (Salem and Eugene). It does not include...
DRAFT REPORT. In 2013 – 2015, reconnaissance observations were made across non-forest habitats on FS and BLM land in the Coast Range and Cascade foothills within the Salem and Eugene BLM district areas for plant communities that did not fit the USFS Northwest Oregon Non-forest Plant Community guide. Surveys were...
Detailed analysis of mixed-conifer and red fir forests were made from extensive, large vegetation sampling, systematically conducted throughout the Teakettle Experimental Forest. Mixed conifer is characterized by distinct patch conditions of closed-canopy tree clusters, persistent gaps and shrub thickets. This heterogeneous spatial structure provides contrasting microclimate, habitat and resource conditions...
The purpose of this study was to develop a plant
association classification for the mature coniferous
forests of the McDonald and Paul M. Dunn Research Forests.
A secondary objective was to quantify diversity within the
plant associations. This Forest is approximately 11,000
acres and is located 6 miles to the...
Published January 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Comparative morphological and anatomical studies of the dispersal mechanisms
characterizing the wheat complex (Triticum L. and Aegilops L.) have documented
patterns of adaptive radiation which may have significance for evolutionary
relationships. These patterns, which form an array of diverse types of diaspores
among the diploid taxa, appear conceptually to have...
During the years between 1930 and 1950 a number of attempts
were made to introduce techniques and ideas from cytology,
ecology, and genetics into the field of taxonomy. Advocates of
this "experimental taxonomy" believed that cytological, ecological,
and genetic techniques would provide a rigorous, objective
methodology to replace the traditional...
The western Nearctic species of the genus Phytocoris Fallen were
taxonomically revised. Over 15,000 specimens were examined.
Information concerning host plant associations and distributions was
compiled and summarized for use by future researchers. External
morphological features and characters of the male genitalia were used
to distinguish species. The genital tubercles...
Pseudaleuria quinaultiana gen. et sp. nova is described in English
and Latin. P. quinaultiana is compared with Aleuria, Anthracobia
Cheilymenia, Geopyxis, Humaria, lodophanus, Jafnea, Leucoscypha,
Melastiza, Octospora, Pyronema, Scutellinia, Sphaerosporella, Tricharina,
Morchella, Cookeina, Phillipsia, Pseudoplectania, Sarcoscypha, and
Sarcosoma. Of these genera P. quinaultiana has hairs most similar to
those found...
The Macrocheles glaber species group contains many
of the common mites which are associated with the dung
of domestic animals. Species in the glaber group have
been investigated for their use as biological control
agents of synanthropic flies.
Over 10,000 slide-mounted specimens of Macrocheles
in the OSU Acarology Collection and...
The genus Ormyrus has a worldwide distribution and
comprises about sixty recognized species. The higher
taxonomic relationships of the genus are uncertain, as
evidenced by its placement in the families Ormyridae,
Pteromalidae, or Torymidae. Here, the genus is described
in detail and a preliminary catalog of the world species
is...
Infrageneric classification in Ribes has previously relied on a few, often
conflicting, morphological markers, such as spines, glands, and inflorescence
morphology. Suggestions that hybridization drives the evolution of the genus have
not been tested using phylogenetic methods. To assess the validity of infrageneric
classifications and the importance of hybridization to...
Monophyly of the gomphoid-phalloid clade was confirmed based on multigene phylogenetic analyses. Four major subclades (Hysterangiales, Geastrales, Gomphales and Phallales) were also demonstrated to be monophyletic. The interrelationships among the subclades were, however, not resolved, and alternative topologies could not be rejected statistically. Nonetheless, most analyses showed that the Hysterangiales...
Published October 1973. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The purpose of the study was to develop a system and procedure for classifying and cataloguing the textile, costume, and slide collections of the Clothing, Textile, and Related Arts (CTRA) Department at Oregon State University. Investigation was made by letter, personal visit, interview with faculty and curators, and literature research...
Relationships among myxozoan parasites of the order Multivalvulida were examined through comparative DNA sequence analysis. Members of this group of parasites is known for the damaging effects they have on their fish hosts, especially commercially important species. Most species infect muscle, where they form cysts and many release proteolytic enzymes....
The objectives of this guide are to provide information to allow users to be able to identify potential natural vegetation types in wetlands (and transitional riparian areas) and to provide information pertinent to the use and management of these
areas. An attempt has been made to describe the successional status...
A potential vegetation classification system is presented for the Olympic National Forest. It is
based on a sample of 1046 Reconnaissance and 408 Intensive plots. The hierarchical classification
includes sixvegetation series and 64 plant associations. Diagnostickeys are presented to aid in the identification of series and associations. Descriptions are presented...
This classification is an update of the 2004 classification of native vegetation of Oregon by Kagan, Christy, Murray and Titus. As before, this classification lists the native plant associations known to occur in Oregon, and includes both successional and climax vegetation types that were part of the presettlement landscape of...
A comprehensive tribal-level classification for the world's subfamilies of Hesperiidae, the skipper butterflies, is proposed for the first time. Phylogenetic relationships between tribes and subfamilies are inferred using DNA sequence data from three gene regions: 943 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (in the mitochondrial genome), 739 bp of...
Classification based on metathoracic wing venation does not
coincide with the existing higher classification of the family Scutelleridae.
The wings of the genera in the Scutellerinae possess a
similar general pattern of venation which is quite distinct from that
of Eurygasterinae, Odontoscelinae, Odontotarsinae, and Pachycorinae.
The Scutellerinae wings possess three...
Two standardized land classification systems designed for use
with remote sensor data were studied comparatively. One of tile
classification systems is proposed for review and testing in U. S. 0.S.
Circular 671 (Legend I) (Anderson et al., 1972); the other is a hierarchial
legend system in use since 1968 (Legend...
A review of observational coding systems indicated the need for an
instrument which is easy to learn and implement in applied settings,
and which can be applied to diverse populations of disturbed children.
A two phase study was conducted to evaluate the reliability and validity
of observational ratings derived from...
Field collections in the Southern Gulf of Oman and the Northwestern Arabian Sea, and
examination of museum collections from this study area, yielded 7 genera and 33 species
of apogonid fishes. Twenty one species of Apogon, one Archamia, four Cheilodipterus,
three Fowleria, one Rhabdamia, two Siphamia, and one Holapogon are...
Members of the tribe Sabethini (Diptera: Culicidae) oviposit and develop in phytotelmata (plant-held waters) and are primarily distributed in a pantropical pattern. Recent cladistic studies have demonstrated that while the tribe is monophyletic, three of its 13 genera are not. The genus Wyeomyia is particularly problematic and debate among culicidologists...
Adequate management and scientific investigation of ecosystems
depends on classification of landscape systems based on all significant
bio-physical and associated cultural properties. The present
classification is a hierarchical systems design that can be modeled in
terms of a natural system interacting with its level-specific
environment. A watershed system in this...
Chromosome counts were determined for 152 accessions of Pseudoroegneria
spicata (Pursh) A. Löve and, combined with existing count
data, used to plot the distribution of diploid and tetraploid populations.
Morphological variation of 55 characters was examined in five
groups totaling 205 operational taxonomic units (OTU's), using
cluster, principal factor, and...
Hysterangium, a genus of hypogeous Basidiomycotina (false truffles) is
commonly placed in the Hysterangiaceae and ascribed affinities to the Phallales. It
is a large genus among hypogeous taxa and is commonly collected in large
numbers in eastern and western North America, Australasia and Europe. Some
Hysterangium species are dominant components...
A biosystematic investigation of Cryptogramma section
Cryptogramma in western North America has been directed towards
resolution of two separate taxonomic questions.
Results of this research support the hypothesis that a
previously undescribed diploid (2n = 30 II) taxon, C. cascadensis, is
present along with the common and widespread C. acrostichoides....
The phantom midges (Diptera: Chaoboridae) are a relatively small fly family composed of 50 extant species in six genera. Larvae are of interest to limnologists and ecologists because of their tolerance to toxicants, predatory avoidance strategies, and the role chaoborids play in zooplankton community dynamics. Relative to mosquitoes, systematists have...
Factors affecting physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of lakes
were investigated through the development of a lake-classification system for 162
lakes in North Cascades National Park Service Complex. A conceptual view of lake
development and its relationship to the expression of lake and watershed
characteristics was derived. Water quality and...
The purpose of this thesis is to examine the methods and criteria
developed for rating actual and potential agricultural land in the
United States. It is motivated by the apparent increasing competition
for quality space created by the expanding population, and by the belief
that land rating and classification are...
Literature and museum records have been reviewed to
provide a summary on the distribution, habitat
associations and biology of six western North American
Dicosmoecinae genera and the single eastern North
American genus, Ironoquia. Results of this survey are
presented and discussed for Allocosmoecus, Amphicosmoecus
and Ecclisomvia.
Field studies were conducted...
The genus Lopidea Uhler is revised for America north of
Mexico. The relationship of Lopidea to other orthotyline
genera is discussed and it is proposed that the genus
Ilnacora Reuter is the sister group of Lopidea.
Forty-eight species of Lopidea are recognized in North
America, one of which is described...
Rhizopogon is a hypogeous fungal genus that forms ectomycorrhizae
with genera of the Pinaceae. The greatest number and species of
Rhizopogon are found in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwestern
United States, where members of the Pinaceae are also concentrated.
Rhizopogon spp. are host-specific primarily with Pinus spp. and
Pseudotsuga...
Classification of Streams and stream habitats is useful for research involving establishment of monitoring stations, determining local impacts of land use practices, generalization from site-specific data, and assessment of basin-wide, cumulative impacts of human activities on streams and their biota. This thesis presents a framework for a hierarchical classification system,...
Pendent Usnea species were collected in western Oregon and examined.
Character states, such as cortex-medulla-axis ratio; fibril length; papilla diameter;
branching patterns; and presence or absence of fibrils, papillae, soredia, isidia; plus
chemistry, were recorded and analyzed by inspection for differences. Historical
names were researched in the literature. A comparison...
This study delineates and characterizes the distribution of montane meadows in the Willamette National Forest, identifies encroachment patterns in relation to topographic features and proximity to trees in the Chucksney-Grasshopper meadow complex, and examines tree species and age distributions in relation to distance from forest edges or isolated tree clusters...
Relationships between soil-water stress and plant-moisture
stress were studied with respect to soil classification and cambial
activity in Douglas-fir.
The study sites were forested with Douglas-fir and located in
McDonald Forest and near Marys Peak in the Oregon Coast Range.
Soil-water depletion was followed by the use of gypsum blocks...
Eight species of Lathvrus (Fabaceae, Faboideae) endemic to the
Pacific Coast of North America were the subject of a systematic
investigation. Taxa studied included Lathvrus vestitus, Nutt. ex T.
& G., L. laetif lorus Greene, L.. iepsonii Greene, £,. splendens
Kellogg, L. polvphvllus, Nutt. ex T. & G., L. holochlorus...
A hierarchical classification system of Iceland's
watersheds and rivers is presented. The classification
is based on Iceland's substrate, climate, water, biota,
and human cultural influences. The geological formations
of Iceland are very different in character depending on
their age and formation history. Three major types of
formations occur: Tertiary, Plio-Pleistocene,...
Soil, water, and climatic classification systems are reviewed as
background for the construction of a classification system for earthen
aquaculture ponds. The physical and chemical properties of important
soil types are also reviewed because of the critical role that the
soil plays in earthen pond systems. A pond classification system...
The family Bibionidae has a worldwide distribution and includes approximately 700 species in eight extant genera. Recent studies have not produced compelling evidence supporting Bibionidae as a monophyletic group or identified the sister group to bibionids. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the classification and evolution of...
The MODIS NBAR (M0D43B4) data space is explored in terms of biophysical variables with the objective of formulating a MODIS transformation relevant to global vegetation studies. The basic ideas of transform formulation were borrowed from the development of the TM Tasseled Cap transformation, but with differences in sampling strategy and...
Accurate taxonomy is essential to preservation and management of native
grasses. Four problems in fescue taxonomy were investigated: the identity of the
native fescue that dominates western Oregon and Washington prairies, the relationship
of native Festuca roemeri to closely related grasses, the status of F. howellii and F.
washingtonica, and...
Symbiotic relationships of bacteria with higher organisms are
commonly observed in nature; however, the functional role of these
relationships is only rarely understood. This is particularly evident in
epibiotic bacterial associations in the marine environment where the bacteria
are often a diverse ensemble of microorganisms, thus complicating the
identification of...
Data from nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions (nrITS) and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) have failed to resolve phylogenetic relationships in Pinus. To provide greater interspecific resolution, five low-copy nuclear genes were developed from mapped conifer anchor loci. Four genes were sequenced from species representing all Pinus subsections. Individual loci do...
High specificity to certain class of chemical and biological agents makes
biosensors unreliable for the detection of unknown agents. Also, the analytical
techniques are subject to systematic errors based on the mechanism of detection
leading to false negative and false positive results. Therefore, the results of these
analyses must be...
Detailed analysis of mixed-conifer and red fir forests were made from extensive, large vegetation sampling, systematically conducted throughout the Teakettle Experimental Forest. Mixed conifer is characterized by distinct patch conditions of closed-canopy tree clusters, persistent gaps and shrub thickets. This heterogeneous spatial structure provides contrasting microclimate, habitat and resource conditions...
This publication is intended to help people get better acquainted with trees and forests. It should lead to a broader appreciation of the value and importance of trees and result in greater care of our forests and their better protection against fire. This in turn should mean a larger measure...
Agroforestry is a traditional farming practice in American Samoa that has helped to sustain the livelihood of the native population for centuries. These once self-sufficient islands have become economically dependent on U.S monies and other external resources during the past century. Dependency has caused a shift in the carrying capacity...
Stream management and design recommendations related to the Salmon Habitat Recovery Program in the Pacific Northwest require area specific information concerning appropriate methods of stream classification, bankfull discharge recurrence intervals, and hydraulic geometry relationships. New region specific information, based on field measurements, is presented here. The Rosgen Classification of Natural...
In this dissertation, I present the results from three studies: (1) a phylogeny of Tenebrionoidea (Coleoptera) inferred from a seven-gene dataset derived from PCR and Sanger sequencing; (2) a phylogeny of Tenebrionidae, the largest family in Tenebrionoidea, inferred from a four-gene dataset also derived from PCR and Sanger sequencing; (3)...
A framework is presented for a more causal explanation and ordering of stream characteristics than traditional means have used. Patterns of stream habitat distribution are related to particular characteristics of the geomorphology of watersheds. Variability in stream characteristics can be explained by the spatial distribution of properties of the watershed...
Many Hymenoptera, with their painful stings and noxious chemical defenses, exhibit bright aposematic warning color patterns and are the most frequently mimicked group of organisms. Such aposematic color patterns are found in parasitic wasps of the Neotropical Compsobracon group (Braconidae). Many members of this group exhibit color patterns similar to...
Historical concepts of Clavicipitaceae have included a broad range of species that display diverse morphologies, ecological modes and host associations. When subjected to multigene phylogenetic investigation of evolutionary history, the family was found to be polyphyletic, largely driven by diversity in the genus Cordyceps, previously containing over 400 taxa. The...
This thesis concerns the alteration of the course of selective
protein synthesis and morphogenesis in plants treated with growth
regulating chemicals. Treatment of 48-hour-old "Alaska" pea seedlings
(Pisum sativum L.) with 2, 4-D, IAA, NAA or picloram caused
inhibition of epicotyl and primary root elongation and proliferation of
massed lateral...
Studies were conducted to examine the effects of feeding
injury by the twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae
Koch) on physiological processes of its host plant, peppermint
(Mentha piperita L.). Aspects of mite-induced host plant
physiological stress that were studied included: 1) effects of
injury on plant-water relations; 2) photosynthesis and...
Published December 1980. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1964. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Early and late seral tree species were compared for inter-and intraspecific competitive ability; within-population genetic variability; and allocation patterns of soluble sugars and starch seasonally and in response to shade and nitrogen fertilization. Species were Douglas-fir (early seral) and western hemlock (late
seral) from a low elevation habitat; and noble...
This report documents vegetation monitoring and mapping conducted by Green Point Consulting during summer 2006 at six tidal wetland restoration and reference sites in the Siletz Bay National
Wildlife Refuge of Oregon, and the upper Yaquina River estuary (near Toledo, Oregon). Vegetation at all sites except one had been monitored...
The project of which this research was a part is designed to
provide an improved system of ecological resource analysis. Specific
objectives of this study were: (1) classification of plant communities
on the fringes of the sagebrush steppes and the salt desert of
southeastern Oregon, (2) development of symbolic and...
The Oregon chub. Oregonichthys crameri. one of
Oregon's endemic freshwater fishes. is restricted to the
Willamette and Umpqua rivers and their tributaries.
Specimens from the two rivers have traditionally been
considered the same species. The goal of this study was to
re-examine that assumption and determine if the Willamette
Oregon...
Using network architecture to describe a biological system is an effective organizational method. The utility of this approach, which generally applies to qualitative models, is enhanced by the addition of quantitative models characterizing the interactions between network nodes. A chromatophore-based signal transduction network is developed, and the highly interconnected major...
Published December 1948. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Gymnomyces is an ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete genus in the family Russulaceae estimated to contain less than 50 species worldwide, with 23 species known to occur in the Pacific Northwest. Gymnomyces species are common in Pacific Northwest forests that include Pseudotsuga, Abies, Tsuga, and Quercus. They produce sequestrate (truffle-like) sporocarps with ornamented...
Balancing resource extraction with protection of Pacific Northwest forest ecosystems requires understanding the population biology of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Design of landscape-scale management and research strategies requires understanding genet size, habitat requirements, and dispersal capabilities. The purpose of this dissertation was to gain knowledge about the distribution of genetic variation, systematics,...
An accuracy assessment of two broad-scale vegetation databases for eastern Oregon, both developed from satellite imagery, was performed to assess the usefulness of the databases for forest landscape planning and assessment efforts. The two databases were the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) vegetation database and the U.S. Geological Survey National...
The cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the world’s most important staple crops, ranked fourth after maize, rice, and wheat. While the potato’s success is due largely to its high yield, it also benefits from its broad global acceptance, and its ability to be used by the consumer...
The question of whether to purchase power or to
maintain an isolated plant is one which frequently
confronts the engineer, and the problem is by no means
easy of solution, as there are a number of factors
which vary with individual cases and determine the
economy and desirability of the...
The rate of the C¹⁴0₂ release from glucose, specifically labeled
with C¹⁴ at 1, 2, 3+4, and positions, was used to study the relative
participation of pathways of glucose catabolism in red beet slices.
Evidence was obtained which indicated that in mature red beets glucose
was catabolized mainly via glycolysis-tricarboxylic...
The influence of soil moisture stress and soil temperature on
transpiration has never been determined explicitly. This relationship
has been neglected mainly because of the lack of a satisfactory method
to control soil moisture stress.
A technique was developed to evaluate this relationship by
controlling soil moisture stress with osmotic...
The purpose of the research was to computerize mathematical
procedures for the analysis of range vegetation and environmental
data. The specific objectives were as follows:
1. to develop and apply computer techniques to the classification
of vegetation in order to provide a phytosociological
framework within which to investigate the ecology...
Tests were carried on in growth chambers and in the field to
determine if the harvest of daylength-sensitive long-day cereals
grown during the winter in Arizona could be hastened 30 days by the
use of night interruption.
Two durum lines which were near-isogenic for sensitivity to
daylength were used throughout...