The ability of selected plant extracts from wood and foliage to inhibit mold regrowth on fungal colonized wood was evaluated on Douglas-fir sapwood. Most foliage extracts produced some inhibition of Graphium or Trichoderma species, but isolations of other fungi increased following treatment. Five out of eight wood extracts produced 50%...
The processing of facial emotion is important for social situations. Research has shown that the presence of emotionally threat-relevant stimuli (i.e., angry and fearful faces) enhances the processing of subsequent non-emotional stimuli. In these studies, the emotional stimuli were typically presented at the focused attention. Thus, it is not clear...
Fermentation time in the cellar directly affects potential brewery production as a whole. It is of practical interest to decrease time needed where possible and increase efficiency. Decreased lag time in beer fermentations allow for higher production and efficiency in the brewery as well as decreased risk of contamination. This...
George Kennedy discusses new directions in interdisciplinary teaching (including distance learning) and research
being adopted at The University of British Columbia (UBC) in Vancouver, Canada. He discusses initiatives at different
levels: within one Faculty (College) - the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at UBC; across Faculties at UBC; and between
UBC...
High mountains pasture had a marginally higher degradability compared to forest steppe and steppe in Mongolia. Based on results of analysis of pastures taken all-year-round, we subjectively group the time into 4 periods, i.e. before April, May-June, July-September, After September. The time periods also corresponds to vegetative stage of pasture...
This paper addresses the question of how to equip U.S. managers and policy makers with the management capacity required to successfully manage 21st century fisheries. Management capacity comprises the knowledge, skills and processes that enable the effective development, implementation and enforcement of regulations. The theme of this paper is that...
As discussions of co-management and community-based management have become popular, recent works have paid growing attention to how fishers are involved in fisheries management. Comparing the fisheries management that has been developed in the hard clam fisheries of New Jersey, U.S.A., with those of Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, this paper examines...
The EU FP 7 project ‘SOCIOEC’ started in March 2012 and this paper gives an overview on the main research questions and first results.
SOCIOEC is an interdisciplinary project bringing together scientists from several fisheries sciences with industry partners and other key stakeholders to work on solutions for future fisheries...
With the expansion of transport, increasing car ownership, rapid increase in outbound travel and new interests in nature based eco-tourism, and the adoption of 5 work days, marine eco-tourism is expected to have a very promising future and need more detailed preparation and planning. While marine eco-tourism occupies 30% of...
There is an increasing awareness that good fisheries management outcomes are often related to the calibre and training of the participants in the fisheries management process. In the 1994-2001 period several national training projects were undertaken across Australia to examine and develop the training requirements of both fisheries management staff...
Technological switching and re-switching has been the subject of debates within economics. Under
assumptions of malleable capital in economies with multiple sectors, the wage-rent envelope can show
multiple re-switching. The interest of technological change and switching behavior for fisheries
economists and managers stems from the fact that the control of...
This paper explores the issue of using marine reserves in combination with quotas as fisheries management tools. The underlying biological dynamics are described by a patchy environment model, in which a metapopulation is built up by linked sub-populations that are distributed across a set of spatially discrete habitats or patches....
The Fish and fish products have emerged as the largest group in agricultural exports of India. The export of fish and fish products has jumped from a mere sum of US $ 10 million in 1960-61 to about US $ 1300 million in 2000-01. The export basket of fisheries sector...
National and intergovernmental regulation of fisheries has not been sufficient to prevent many failures of fisheries management at the global scale. International trade in fisheries is of the order of USD 10 billion annually, mostly from “South” to “North”. Developing countries, particularly in Asia, benefit from this trade, and domestic...
In 1998, the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary initiated the “Tortugas 2000” planning process that would lead to the eventual designation (2001) of the largest marine reserve in the US: The Dry Tortugas Ecological Reserve (DTER). This resulting research, targeted commercial fishermen operating in the DTER region, determining the total...
In an effort to ascertain the library needs of resident graduate students at a marine field station, a mailed survey and a focus group gathered student input. Respondents rated the current collection and services and identified areas needing improvement. A plan of action to improve services has been developed.
This article gives insights on the complex balance between coalitions structure,
resource state or dynamics and agents’ heterogeneity to avoid bio-economic
collapses. A model bringing together coalition games and a viability approach
is proposed to focus on the compatibility between bio-economic constraints and
an exploited common stock dynamics. It is...
Organizers convened an international workshop to address training necessary to produce effective managers for 21st century fisheries. The workshop involved government, industry, academic, and nongovernmental organization (NGO) leaders from Oceania, North America, and Europe. They addressed vision and management challenges of 21st century fisheries; requisite skills and knowledge; current training...
Quotas rather than landing fees are widely used for reducing the output of fisheries below open-access levels. One reason may be that quotas are perceived as a more reliable instrument for controlling total catch. However, whilst under certainty fees and quotas can be set each season to achieve the same...
The purpose of the Australian National Fisheries Adjustment Scheme (ANFAS) project is to develop a policy framework under which structural adjustment can occur in a coherent and coordinated manner, and to develop operational guidelines on how to develop structural adjustment schemes. The ANFAS will not establish a mandatory scheme, nor...
The new world trading order has introduced major liberalization initiatives for developing country fish producers. It has on the other hand raised non-tariff barriers, such as food safety standards. Non-tariff barriers will profoundly shape the sharing of benefits and costs of rising global fish trade. The potential impacts of these...
In Bangladesh aquaculture has developed mainly as a rural activity integrated into existing farming systems. Rural aquaculture has made significant contributions to the alleviation of poverty. Rural pond fish farming products can be treated as a commodity, which can be traded for cash or essential household items, both of which...
Simping clam are found spreadly in the nourthern coast of Java sea. Its taste is sweet and delicious. People in the coast served in boiled or fried with mixed vegetable for their dish. In fact, simping clam is considered as the pretigeous menu in international hotel and restaurant. At the...
The ability of natural and synthetic hinokitiol, as well as a water soluble derivative (hinokitiol sodium salt), to protect wood against fungal attack was examined. Synthetic and natural hinokitiol provided similar protection. All three materials exhibited similar antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium citrinum on yellow poplar wafers at...
The theoretical economic performance of the year 2000 Norwegian fishing fleet in the Barents Sea cod fisheries are studied under different stock biomass levels and age compositions by applying the EconMult fleet model. Quarterly stock conditions during the period 1946-2004 have been investigated as this represent stock conditions which may...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cow age on botanical composition of diets in mountain riparian areas. Treatments consisted of 30 first calf heifers, and 30 mature cows randomly assigned to four pastures (2 pastures/treatment, average 21.5 ha) in a two-year study with a cross...
The estimation of standing crop is important in the management of rangeland resources. Direct measurements by clipping, drying, and weighing of herbaceous vegetation are time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, non-destructive methods for efficiently and accurately estimating standing crop are needed in rangeland forage management. We assessed a visual obstruction (VO) technique...
The Byrd Amendment permits US firms that petition successfully for antidumping duties to collect tariff revenues. Whether these payments strengthen the duty’s ability to raise price depends crucially on market structure. In a competitive market where domestic and imported goods are imperfect substitutes, the payments are akin to a production...
Many forest products companies in the southeastern United States store large volumes of round-wood under wet storage. Log quality depends on maintaining a high and constant wood moisture content; however, limited knowledge exists regarding moisture variation within individual logs, and within wet decks as a whole, making it impossible to...
The purpose of this study was to determine whether knowledge
beneficial to an organization operating under normal conditions could
be gained by studying a manufacturing plant operating with salaried
personnel during a labor strike. It was hypothesized that no difference
in productivity would exist between the strike work force study...
Published January 1961. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Many paper products like towel and tissue cannot serve their purposes without temporary wet strength Glyoxal-polyacrylamide (GPA) resin is one of the widely used commercial wet strength additives that impart the temporary wet strength to paper and paperboard products However, GPA resin is derived from petrochemicals and contributes to contaminants...
Bacillus subtilis and essential oils have been explored separately for their ability to limit colonization by wood stain and mold fungi, but neither approach has been completely effective. One alternative strategy would be to combine the bacterial biocontrol with one or more natural products extracts. In this report, the ability...
Carbonic anhydrases are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze the reverse hydration and dehydration of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate respectively. A variety of tumors in humans show overexpression of human carbonic anhydrase II (HCA II) leading to an acidic breakdown of carbon dioxide into bicarbonate. While a variety of drug inhibitors exist,...
Monitoring the concentration of phenolic compounds is important for environmental regulation, health diagnostics, and bioenergy fermentation. Vanillin is a phenol compound used as a food flavoring that can cause allergies and inhibits biofuel production. The phenol m-cresol is a toxic compound that is regulated in the environment and in human...
The objective of this study is to investigate those economic considerations that may limit the ability of the Pacific Northwest's pulp and paper industry to compete with other regions producing pulp, paper and board for world markets. The share of the Pacific Northwest and the United States in world trade...
This paper will focus on the relationship between institutional internalization and organic solidarity. Being that there is a wide verity of different institutions, this writing will focus primarily on only religion, politics, and education. The internalization of the individual from each of these institutions greatly effects their beliefs, desires, and...
Full Text:
for
a methodologist. The research in this paper looks into that, specifically by looking at
Between 1996 and 2000, the Federal Government of Canada reduced the number of salmon fishing licences in British Columbia by 50%, from a total of 4416 to the current 2221 licences, through voluntary “licence retirement”. The total cost of this program was $273.5 million over 5 years. The purpose of...
Pacific whiting (Merluccius productus) is one of the most commercially valuable fish species in the Pacific coast groundfish fishery, experiences extreme variability in annual recruitment. This variability causes fluctuations in stock abundance and subsequent catch and economic benefits. This study develops a stochastic bioeconomic model of the Pacific whiting fishery...
In 1995 North Sea herring was estimated to have declined from previous high of around 1.5 million to 400,000 tonnes, the point at which significant reduction in recruitment had previously been observed. The response to this was to cut the fishery by reducing the human consumption TAC by 50% and...
Tilapia culture in Yucatan State, Mexico, is largely semi-intensive. The producers are mostly poor farmers who receive government subsidies for purchase of fingerlings and balanced feed. Feeding practices are often inadequate (satiety rations), moreover, producers frequently suffer financial and resource shortfalls. During feed shortages producers are known to use empirical...
Over the past 50 years, most efforts to regulate fishing and conserve our oceans and seas only have had limited success in preventing the on-going problems of over-fishing, degradation of the marine environment, and irreversible loss of marine biodiversity. Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM) of the oceans is an approach that is...
The purpose of this paper was to understand e-learning current situation for fisherman in Taiwan. Then, the developing strategies will be suggested. The method of this study was questionnaire and interview with fisherman and fishery experts. There were 270 questionnaires collected by post mail. The return rate is 54%. The...
Although the share of total fish supply which is traded internationally is fairly stable, the patterns of trade flows are in constant change. China and Viet Nam are increasingly emerging as processors and suppliers of value-added products to world markets, but also within the world’s various regions new players are...
The clam, Galatea paradoxa has for decades been an important source of protein to the riparian communities of the lower Volta River and provides employment to about 2000 people, especially women. The fishing grounds have dwindled from 100 km from the pre-dam era to a narrow stretch of 10 km...
The Dominican Republic shares the island of Hispaniola with Haiti. The country has a total area of 48,442 km², a narrow insular shelf of 9,484 km² and an EEZ of approximately 238,000 km². Around 10,000 fishers with a fleet of 3,750 boats, operate from the 1,575 km of coastline to...
This paper is aimed at studying the relationship between marine environmental conditions and purse seine anchovy fishery of Alboran Sea through a stock-recruitment model using an historical data set of anchovy fishery in the Northern Alboran Sea that covers two decades from 1985 to 2005 and the HadISST and Era...
Half of Bangladesh (50% of land surface) is wetland and wetland supplies most of the freshwater fisheries in Bangladesh. Tanguar Haor (haor means wetland with vast waterbodies) is a declared Ramsar site which posses one of the largest fishery stock in the country. However, there is no clear-cut guidance in...
Nile tilapia has been cultivated in intensive systems in Yucatan, Mexico, during the first years of this century. Nevertheless, its adoption faces technical (related to the use of commercial feed) and marketing problems (fixed price of $2.14/Kg), which are analyzed in this paper. To do this, a bioeconomic model of...
The incorporation of fisheries commodities into the International Food Policy Research Institute’s (IFPRI) International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade (IMPACT) model suggests that demand for fisheries products will rise faster than supply over the next two decades, and that fishery commodity prices will rise relative to...
The coastal ecosystem of the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) has been overfished and received a high level of
combined pollution in the past decades. The fisheries stock assessments have shown a declining
population and have led to a number of management measures, including fishing moratorium. This study
evaluated the effect...
Japan is the number 1 country in the world in terms of tuna harvest[1]. For example, it started from about 294,961 tons in 1975, then reached its peak at 371,103 tons in 1985. Although the harvest declined since 1985, it bounced back for the recent years and reached 343,611 tons...
L'objectif majeur de cette étude est de fournir les instruments de base en mesure d'aider à une meilleure gestion des sites récréatifs au Maroc en conformité avec les exigences des utilisateurs, mais aussi en relation avec les considérations publiques liées à l'offre en récréation, à l'activité de l'aquaculture et à...
L'Union européenne est considérée, à juste titre, comme le premier marché mondial et la premier région importatrice des produits de la mer. En 1994, elle a importé environ 2,9 Millions de tonnes de produits de la pêche (conserves comprises) pour une valeur totale de 7,5 Milliards d’ECU[1]. Ce marché qui...
Recently, the number of leisure fishers has increased in Japan. Recreational anglers have caught larger numbers of fishes than commercial fishermen in some species. Formulating an appropriate management strategy that considers recreational and commercial sectors is important. Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) has been caught in Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan, by...
This paper begins by outlining the history of the Rules of Origin negotiations in the World Trade Organization (WTO), unfinished business from the Uruguay Round that is separate from the current Doha Round. The treatment of products of the sea is one of a large number of unresolved issues; progress...
Enhancement of British-Columbia-to-Alaska Transboundary Rivers is a vast potential prize to all concerned. However, despite funding commitments in the Pacific Salmon Treaty, that program is at great risk of always being more potential than real. The cooperation needed to make this program work has been and continues to be grievously...
Vietnam’s marine fisheries are in need of knowledge-based management. This necessitates the establishment of
reliable indicators, which in turn entails a good data collecting and processing system. To bridge the gap between
specific requirements for fisheries policy development and the limited resources available, we have conducted a
study on costs...
One of the least studied areas of Information Foraging Theory
is diet: the information foragers choose to seek. For
example, do foragers choose solely based on cost, or do
they stubbornly pursue certain diets regardless of cost? Do
their debugging strategies vary with their diets? To investigate
"what" and "how"...
Bermeo is a small town in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, cradle of a purse seiner of undisputed global relevance. Since the time of the Romans, it was recognized for its port, which led it to be one of the first three villages that were founded in the former...
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a significant issue among adolescents in the United States affecting 13% to 25% of young adults. In 2012, Arizona saw over 12,000 adolescents in emergency rooms due to self-injury. Approximately 50% to 85% of self-injuring adolescents will attempt suicide at least once during their lifetime. Adolescents...
This paper explores New Zealand’s experience with introducing species into the Quota Management System (QMS). The Fisheries Amendment Act 1986 implemented the QMS based on the allocation of individual transferable quota (ITQ) to those who met the allocation criteria. At that time the Ministry of Fisheries (MFish) introduced 32 species...
Revised January 1944. This report is one of a series issued in cooperation with the Army Air Forces and the Bureau of Aeronautics under the supervision of the Aeronautical Board.
Information on economic viability of aquaculture is crucial for investors when assessing the feasibility of an aquaculture investment. Unfortunately, such information has been scarce in Nigeria. The economic analysis of fish farming in Osun State, South-Western Nigeria was therefore carried out using data collected from seventy two randomly selected fish...
Bangladesh being a lowland country have rich water resources in and around the country. The total fish production in 1998-99 was 1552 thousands tonnes of which 80% were from inland fisheries and 20% from marine sources. Major portion (97%) of the total harvested fish is marketed internally for domestic consumption....
The status of fisheries resources on coastal and offshore areas is getting worse in Taiwan. Thus, to establish a fishery resources management system has become the main task among stakeholders. In this study, we would like to examine the feasibility of imposing the community-based co-management system and setting closed fishing...
To disseminate update technologies and to enhance capabilities of resource poor farm families for the production of capture as well as culture fisheries, using natural and socio-economic resources an extensive study on linkage between resource availability and production potentiality were undertaken in the study area (under New Alluvial Zone of...
Enabled by a rich ecosystem of Machine Learning (ML) libraries, programming using learned models, i.e., Software-2.0, has gained substantial adoption. However, we do not know what challenges developers encounter when they use ML libraries. With this knowledge gap, researchers miss opportunities to contribute to new research directions, tool builders do...
Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon systems covered over 22.000 ha, along coastal region from North to South of Thua Thien Hue with 70 km and more than 400.000 inhabitants are living around in lagoon systems. There are many livelihood activities as fishing, aquaculture and farming. Aquaculture systems are diversified:...
The success or failure of aquaculture heavily depends on how effectively to manage aquatic animal
diseases. In order to analyze the economic effects of aquatic animal disease control, the specific factors
and magnitudes of benefits and costs are identified with and without the proposed project for the disease
control. These...
Early in 2002, members of two Producer Organisations (POs), the North Sea Fishermen’s
Organisation in Britain, and the Dutch Cooperative Producentenorganisatie Oost Nederland,
realised that their quotas of plaice and sole were insufficient to last until the end of the quota
period. Vessels have in the order of 70-80% of...
The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the quantity, quality, and moisture of available forage in a riparian pasture, and shrub utilization by cattle during a 30-d late summer grazing period. A riparian pasture (44.7 ha) in northeast of Oregon was grazed with 30 yearlings (419 kg,...
A study was carried out to assess production performance and value chain of Nile tilapia grown in ponds of small-scale farmers in Morogoro region, Tanzania. Information was collected through individual interviews of 30 fish farmers. The main reasons for culturing fish were provision of animal protein food for home consumption...
The project titled “Aquaculture Development in Northern Uplands” (VIE/98/009/01/NEX) stressed on strengthening an extension network and improvement of seed production and delivery system among the target groups at the remote area. Moreover, it gave a high priority to gender education and women's involvement in all activities. The project was implemented...
The government in Taiwan has recently instituted a comprehensive program to give fishermen the incentive to reduce fishing effort voluntarily. In this study, we conducted a survey to investigate fishermen's behavior and used the ANOVA analysis and the Probit model to identify factors that affect fishermen's willingness to accept the...
As colony-specific wintering ecology of small and medium-sized seabirds is poorly understood, it has been generally assumed that winter conditions have the same effect on all individuals from any given colony. However, advances in global positioning technology now allow researchers to investigate movements of smaller seabirds. We tracked black-legged kittiwakes...
The report is an analysis of the resource rent in the Swedish fishery, produced as a contribution to the new strategic plan for the Swedish fishery in the years 2007-2013 according to the draft EU regulation for the EFF (European Fishery Fund). A model has been produced based on linear...
As background, at the national level, for many years the U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries concentrated on exploratory fishing, gear development, food science, catch statistics, scientific research, and marketing, and serviced the commercial industry in a variety of ways. In the early 1970's the name was changed to National Marine...
Les importations de poisson jouent un rôle prépondérant ans l'approvisionnement de la population camerounaise en matière de produits de pêche. Avec près de 12 millions d'habitants pour une croissance de 3,2 %. la demande globale de poisson plafonne autour de 200 000 t par an alors que la production locale...
The preceding empirical research examines the traditional and evolutionary research surrounding youth deviance. Deviance is routinely discussed as an adverse impact in a plethora of theories and it is imperative to further develop the knowledge of deviance as society progresses. In this report, the utilized sample group approximately (n=13583) was...