Sequential alkylation of Hagemann's ester with methyl and
methallyl halides has been studied. Treatment of Hagemann's ester
with methyl iodide and sodium ethoxide gave a mixture of 21 and 25
in a ratio of 4:1. Alkylation of 21 with methallyl chloride and potassium
t-butoxide afforded a mixture of 37 and...
This dissertation addresses object recognition in challenging settings, where distinct object classes are visually very similar (e.g., species of birds and insects) and/or access to training examples of object classes is limited (e.g., due to the associated high costs of data annotation). In this dissertation, we present a variety of...
An Invasive Plant Management Plan developed for Big Sur Land Trust, a non-profit conservation organization located on California's Central Coast, to guide its vegetation management activities and serve as a decision-support tool. The effort included the creation of a digital field data collection tool through Survey123 Connect, survey and data...
Cordyceps is a genus of perithecial ascomycetes. It includes over 400 species
that are pathogens of arthropods and parasites of the truffle genus Elaphomyces. Based
on the morphology of cylindrical asci, thickened ascus apices and filiform ascospores,
it is classified in the Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales), which also includes endophytes
and epiphytes...
Both transportation costs and market values of woody biomass are strongly linked to the amount of moisture in the woody biomass. Therefore, managing moisture in the woody biomass well can lead to significant advantages in the woody biomass energy business. In this study, two prediction models were developed to estimate...
A detailed mechanism for the four-component RD387 gasoline surrogate developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has shown good agreement with experiments in engine-relevant conditions. However, with 1388 species and 5933 reversible reactions, this detailed mechanism is far too large to use in practical engine simulations. Therefore, reduction of the detailed...
This thesis examines the influence of Christian missions on Yung Wing (1828-1912) during the nineteenth century, when China was beginning to encounter the West. Yung was the first Chinese graduate student to enter an American institution of higher education (Yale College, 1854). As a Westernized Christian intellectual, he strove to...
Classification based on metathoracic wing venation does not
coincide with the existing higher classification of the family Scutelleridae.
The wings of the genera in the Scutellerinae possess a
similar general pattern of venation which is quite distinct from that
of Eurygasterinae, Odontoscelinae, Odontotarsinae, and Pachycorinae.
The Scutellerinae wings possess three...
Accurately predicting key combustion phenomena in reactive-flow simulations, e.g., lean blow-out, extinction/ignition limits and pollutant formation, necessitates the use of detailed chemical kinetics. The large size and high levels of numerical stiffness typically present in chemical kinetic models relevant to transportation/power-generation applications make the efficient evaluation/factorization of the chemical kinetic...
In this paper, the methodology of the directed relation graph with error propagation and sensitivity analysis (DRGEPSA), proposed by Niemeyer et al. [Combustion and Flame 157 2010) 1760–1770], and its differences to the original directed relation graph method are described. Using DRGEPSA, the detailed mechanism of ethylene containing 71 species...
The network comprising 61 high-frequency radar systems along the U.S. West Coast (USWC) provides a unique, high resolution, and broad scale view of ocean surface circulation. Subinertial alongshore surface currents show poleward propagating signals with phase speeds of O(10) and O(100–300) km d⁻¹ that are consistent with historical in situ...
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide with human papillomavirus (HPV) being the main cause the disease. Chromosomal amplifications have been identified as a source of upregulation for cervical cancer driver genes but cannot fully explain increased expression of immune genes in invasive carcinoma. Insight into...
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide with human papillomavirus (HPV) being the main cause of the disease. Currently available treatment methods are limited and emphasize the need for discovery of new therapies that improve patient outcome. Chromosomal amplifications have been identified as a source of...
The objective of this study was to investigate ryegrass seedling characteristics that, by themselves, or combined with presently known characters, could improve varietal identification tests. Thirteen characters were studied on 30 varieties of Lolium multiflorum Lam., L. perenne L., L. rigidum Gaud, and L. hybridum Hausskn., including leaf size and...
Identifying material parameters in composite plates is a necessary first step in a variety of structural applications. For example, understanding the material parameters of carbon fiber composite is important in investigating sensor and actuator placement on micro-air-vehicle wings for control and wing morphing purposes. Knowing the material parameters can also...
Relay strip-cropping combines two vegetation management tactics, under-sowing
and strip-management. In this study conducted from 1994 though 1997, a
cover crop seed-mixture containing oats (Avena sativa L. var. "Monida"), common
vetch (Vicia sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), annual ryegrass (Lolium
multflorum Lam.), and buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) was...
Invasive plant species are expanding and transforming vegetative communities across Oregon and throughout the United States. Over the past three decades remote sensing, geographic information system (GIS), and Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies have been integrated to detect and map the distribution of noxious rangeland plants. This study developed low-cost...
The seasonal life history of the cereal stem moth (CSM), Ochsenheimeria
vacculella Fischer von Roslerstamm, (Lepidoptera : Ochsenheimeriidae) was investigated
in a commercial field of annual ryegrass in the Willamette Valley, OR from January
1993 to August 1994. Phenology of life stages, effect of temperature on eclosion, and
development of...
Nomia melanderi Cockerell is one of the most efficient pollinators of alfalfa in Eastern Oregon. Emergence begins in June, usually reaches its peak in early July, and may continue into early August. Male emergence precedes female emergence by four or five days. For the first few weeks of this time,...
This report is one of a series issued in cooperation with the Army-Navy-Civil Committee on Aircraft Design Criteria under the supervision of the Aeronautical Board.
This compilation of theses and dissertations (a part of the OSU Bibliographic Series) for the period 1970-1977 reflects this university's emphasis on research and graduate study. It may be viewed as an indicator of the contributions made to the state of Oregon through graduate study and research at Oregon State...
Bodies are often made of repeated units, or serial homologs, that develop using the same core gene regulatory network. Local inputs and modifications to this network allow serial homologs to evolve different morphologies, but currently we do not understand which modifications allow these repeated traits to evolve different levels of...
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homologs
to vary in their degree of phenotypic plasticity across a body axis.
The eyespot wing patterns on
A comprehensive tribal-level classification for the world's subfamilies of Hesperiidae, the skipper butterflies, is proposed for the first time. Phylogenetic relationships between tribes and subfamilies are inferred using DNA sequence data from three gene regions: 943 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (in the mitochondrial genome), 739 bp of...
The written history of Oregon spanning the late 18th and early 19th centuries lacks evidence of the contributions made by the Overseas Chinese communities who existed in Oregon during this period. The purpose of this examination is to study the Overseas Chinese communities which resided in the cities of The...
As mass-timber building construction rises around the globe, there exists the need to verify the long-term, in-situ behavior and performance of these structural systems. Structural health monitoring (SHM), generally defined as a damage detection strategy consisting of a network of sensors, a data acquisition system, and algorithms for data analysis,...
Many animals detect prey or enhance their locomotion with information from hair-like receptors that are activated by local fluid flows. The utility of biological hair receptors has motivated the design of artificial hair sensors (AHS) for flow control applications where aerodynamic or hydrodynamic forces play a significant role in the...
Mental illness is a universal phenomenon, but cultural context has a profound influence on how it is perceived, classified, and treated. Most systematic research on public attitudes toward mental illness has been completed in Western societies. The emergence of multicultural psychotherapy in the West has helped professionals recognize the extent...
This circular describes research activities of the Oregon State College School of Engineering during the school years 1958-59 and 1959-60. These activities are listed according to the engineering department in which the research is carried out. In each department section are described facilities of the department, research projects, and graduate...
Humans are remarkably efficient in learning by interacting with other people and observing their behavior. Children learn by watching their parents’ actions and mimic their behavior. When they are not sure about their parents demonstration, they communicate with them, ask questions, and learn from their feedback. On the other hand,...
Although dam construction has been an integral tool in development initiatives for nearly a century, dams can have significant negative impacts on local residents, particularly those who are permanently displaced from their homes and must be resettled elsewhere. Dams have unique impacts on indigenous peoples. As a result, many dam...
Staphylococcal tenosynovitis and osteomyelitis are world-wide problems of
broilers and broiler breeders caused by staphylococci. Pathogenesis of the disease is
ill defined. Avian heterophils are analogous to mammalian neutrophils but the
granules appear to be different.
The first chemotactic study was done on heterophils from chickens having
natural staphylococcal infection...
Reports on an investigation of a request by the C.D. Johnson Lumber Company to construct a log boom two miles below Toledo on the Yaquina River. Local residents were concerned that the boom would damage clam beds. Includes a hand-drawn map of the area.
This progress report covers the two-year period of April 1962-March 1964 in an attempt to make the reports current. In it, you can find analysis of softshell clam populations in multiple bays, including Siuslaw, Nehalem, and Tillamook. This report includes counts for personal-use clam diggers, as well as clam digging...
Perfluorooctanesulphonicacid (PFOS) is an organic contaminant that is ubiquitous in the environment, wildlife, and humans. Few studies have assessed the effects of chronic PFOS exposure on central nervous system function in aquatic organisms. The present study defined the behavioral effects of varying life span chronic exposures to low dose PFOS...
Gene transfer via interspecific hybridization within Phaseolus has
been limited by abnormal hybrid development and the rapid loss of
hybridity in subsequent generations. The most advanced embryo
development occurs in P. vulgaris x P. coccineus where mature seeds
form. However, the reciprocal cross still results in abnormal embryos
unable to...
Simulations of combustion and reacting flows often encounter stiffness in the equations governing chemical kinetics. Explicit solvers for these ordinary differential equations offer low computational expense, but typically cannot efficiently handle stiff systems. In contrast, implicit methods demand greater expense but offer unconditional stability—as a result, most reactive-flow solvers rely...
The objectives of this study were: a) to obtain and evaluate
equipment for bio-acoustical analysis for this work and for future
work in the analysis of insect sounds, b) to study the acoustical and
sexual behavior of Acheta domesticus L., and c) to determine methods
for analyzing the changes effected...
Music is one of the most important aspects of cultural identity in Corsica. Rooted in ancient history and revitalized in the revolutionary political climate of the 1960s and 70s, its popular choral form--the paghjella--has come to define modern music upon the island. Music, like language, has the ability to communicate...
Seed dormancy has played a significant role in adaptation and evolution of seed
plants. While its biological significance is clear, molecular mechanisms underlying seed
dormancy induction, maintenance and alleviation still remain elusive. Intensive efforts
have been made to investigate gibberellin and abscisic acid metabolism in seeds, which
greatly contributed to...
To gain a better foothold on the communication system of the
avifauna, calls and songs of the American Robin (Turdus migratorius)
were recorded and analyzed using the sound spectrograph. Ten different
calls were recognized as follows: three alarm calls, an excitement
call, challenge call, contact call, two flight calls and...
The effect of cosputtered catalyst on growth and alignment of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) was investigated. Aligned CNTs were observed using a cosputtered catalytic metal deposited directly on boro-aluminosilicate glass. Catalytic metal alloys were sputtered directly onto the substrate using magnetron sputtering. Deposition...
Implementing multicomponent diffusion in numerical combustion studies is computationally expensive due to the challenges involved in computing diffusion coefficients. As a result, mixture-averaged diffusion treatments or simpler methods are used to avoid these costs. However, the accuracy and appropriateness of the mixture-averaged diffusion model has not been verified for three-dimensional...
The detection of biomolecules is critical for clinical diagnostics but requires specialty labor and high cost. The use of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) for bioassays is simpler and cheaper but has low sensitivity. Improved immobilization of antibodies onto cellulose is demonstrated through surface functionalization with APTES and glutaraldehyde. The...
Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterium that causes diseases of the eye and urogenital tract in humans. It is the cause of the sexual transmitted infection (STI) chlamydia, the most prevalent STI worldwide, and the ocular disease trachoma, the leading cause of infectious blindness. To date there is no...
Modeling elementary chemical reactions in ocean fluid dynamics simulations requires significant computing resources, which can be diminished with model reduction techniques. Submesoscale ocean turbulence and biogeochemical reactions in the ocean occur on approximately the same time scale, 105 seconds. This similarity in time scales indicates a strong coupling between these...
BACKGROUND: Low levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity are associated with adverse health consequences.
OBJECTIVE: The intent of the study was to determine the feasibility and efficacy of a 12-week physical activity promotion program
targeting children, which was delivered to parents through mobile phones.
METHODS: Potential participants were recruited through advertisements...
The importance of hormone reservoirs in mature teleost eggs is
unknown. To elucidate the effects of hormones on embryonic development,
steelhead trout eggs, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were immersed in either cortisol,
testosterone, or thyroxine at two different stages of development. Elevated
concentrations of cortisol were detectable in the trout eggs or...
BACKGROUND: Zebrafish have been used as a vertebrate model to study human cancers such as melanoma,
rhabdomyosarcoma, liver cancer, and leukemia as well as for high-throughput screening of small molecules of
therapeutic value. However, they are just emerging as a model for human brain tumors, which are among the most...
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construct. We are
grateful to Drs. Wing Leung and Lea C. Cunningham from the Department
of Bone Marrow
Back pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide, entailing a significant socioeconomic impact. A primary source of back pain can be attributed to intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration allowing nerve ingrowth, facet joint arthritis, disc bulging, and osteophyte formations that press on nearby nerve roots or the spinal cord. While...
The North American species of the shore fly genus Notiphila Fallen were taxonomically revised. Over 13,000 specimens were examined from throughout the Nearctic Region and information relating to the biology of many species occurring in the West was gathered from both field and laboratory studies. Previously used characters were reevaluated;...
An investigation of the correlation between a number of behavioral,
morphological and physiological parameters and dominance status of male
Ring-necked Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) was undertaken. Dominant
males performed significantly more aggressive behaviors than
subordinates and a higher proportion of these behaviors was directed
toward distantly ranked subordinates. Animals could also...
Water-atomized and gas-atomized 17-4 PH stainless steel powder were used as feedstock in selective laser melting process. Gas atomized powder revealed single martensitic phase after printing and heat treatment independent of energy density. As-printed water atomized powder contained dual martensitic and austenitic phase regardless of energy density. The H900 heat...
Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) technology has been growing in the EU and Canada
since the early 1990's and utilizes the mechanical properties of structural grade
lumber to create a strong panel product for use in floor, ceiling and wall systems. The
hypothesis of this project was that CLT panels made...
The Pacific Northwest (PNW) is an important region for winter wheat
production in the USA, where water deficits are often present at sowing and during
grain filling. Consequently, improving the genetic adaptation of wheat cultivars to
drought stress represents one of the main objectives in breeding programs. An
observed biochemical...
Bird and bat mortalities caused by interactions with wind turbines is a critical concern that requires addressing for conservation purposes. Deploying a low cost sensor array will be instrumental during site permitting, conducting impact assessments of existing wind farms, and assessing efficacy of wildlife mortality mitigation or wildlife deterrent technologies....
Paleoclimate archives have revealed abrupt climate events that are superimposed on more gradual climate changes throughout the last glacial and deglacial periods. The underlying causes of such rapid climate changes are still poorly understood, but the strong expression of these events in northern hemisphere records likely points to climatic mechanisms...
This study documents thick-description single-source data from the life and experiences of a Native American / Native Canadian language worker. The worker, raised and educated in the United States, was separated from his ancestral village until his thirties. The worker, with a Masters degree in education from Oregon State University,...
ENTOMOLOGISTS, BOTANISTS, and AGRICULTURISTS all
have occasion to concern themselves with bees. The en-tomologist is fascinated by their complex behavior pat-terns, the botanist needs to evaluate their significance infloral biology, and the agriculturist must take them into account as vital factors in crop production. Finally, the apiculturist often wishes to...
We are witnessing the rise of the data-driven science paradigm, in which massive amounts of data - much of it collected as a side-effect of ordinary human activity - can be analyzed to make sense of the data and to make useful predictions. To fully realize the promise of this...
As young as American Literature is, it has been found necessary to divide it into five periods, namely: First Colonial Period (1620-1689); Second Colonial Period (1689-1763); Revolutionary (1763 -1815); First National Period (1815 -1863). Though by courtesy called Literature, the first attempts at writing by our forefathers cannot properly be...
The goal of many machine learning problems can be formalized as the creation of a function that can properly classify an input vector, given a set of examples of that function. While this formalism has produced a number of success stories, there are notable situations in which it fails. One...
This is a bibliography of doctoral dissertations and masters' theses in forestry and related topics issued during the period from July 1981 through June 1990. The colleges and universities included are all accredited by the Society of American Foresters. The actual listings were supplied by the individual institutions. Topics covered...
The following text is a consolidated version of the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, along with the Guru Maṇḍala, Sūryārgha, Pañcagavya, Guru Pādārgha, Kāybhaḥ Pūjā, Rahasya Pūjā, Kalaśa Pūjā, Vāruṇī Pūjā, Bali Pūjā, Kīgaḥ Tine, and a Pātra Jñāna. The Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, as has been discussed above, is the primary pūjā and sādhanā...
The use of some age determination methods may result in the
incorrect age structure of fish populations. This in turn may lead
to incorporation of inappropriate data into models used for stock
management. Otoliths are commonly used for determining the age of
fishes, and ages based on the whole otoliths...
The deep sea is often viewed as a vast, dark, remote,
and inhospitable environment, yet the deep ocean and
seafloor are crucial to our lives through the services that
they provide. Our understanding of how the deep sea functions
remains limited, but when treated synoptically, a diversity
of supporting, provisioning,...
Gasoline direct injection engines, with downsized boosted technology, present a promising option for enhancing power density and reducing fuel consumption for next-generation engine designs to meet stringent fuel economy and emission standards. However, these developments in the low-speed and high-load operating regime are challenged by the occurrence of a new...
The Norwegian-Swedish Crisis of 1905 is unique because the two
kingdoms, united in a dual monarchy, separated peacably. The thesis
raises three questions: why did Norway want independence at all, why
was the secession peacable, and can any of the factors which solved
the Crisis of 1905 be injected or...
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) has recently appeared as a promising approach for removing nitrogen from landfill leachates because it requires less oxygen and no organic carbon compared to traditional nitrification-denitrification system, and it produces low sludge volumes, thereby reducing operating and biological sludge disposal costs by over 60%. Anammox bacteria...
Published July 1890. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
There has been a growing interest in eating disorders among Singaporean medical professionals since the 1990s, and the Singaporean public is also starting to become aware of the risks of these conditions. This ethnographic research on eating disorders in Singapore, conducted in 2001, however, found that the majority of the...
The Pacific Northwest (Oregon and Washington in the United States and British Columbia in Canada) is one of the major producers of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in the world. The expansion of growing area with these crops has resulted in the emergence of new...