North American beavers (Castor canadensis) are ecological engineers that improve biodiversity and can improve the health of riparian ecosystems. Beavers are generalist herbivores with some evidence of species preference, utilizing woody material for both food source and dam construction. In the South Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve, Charleston, Oregon, a...
North American beavers (Castor canadensis) are ecological engineers that improve biodiversity and can improve the health of riparian ecosystems. Beavers are generalist herbivores with some evidence of species preference, utilizing woody material for both food source and dam construction. In the South Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve, Charleston, Oregon, a...
Wildland fire refers to an unpredictable and uncontrollable fire that happens in wildland areas. Regardless of the beneficial impacts of wildland fires on ecosystems, the destructive impacts of wildfires on air quality, economy, public health, etc. are considerable. An essential goal in the fire community is that the wildland fires...
Senate Bill 762, Oregon’s 2021 omnibus wildfire bill, directed Oregon State University to conduct a wildfire risk assessment including mapping socially vulnerable communities to help inform decisions and allocate resources related to state wildfire prevention, response, and recovery. This dataset was curated to identify socially vulnerable communities and largely follows...
Object detection models are being widely used in many applications, such as autonomous driving, construction management, and cancer detection. Evaluating the performance of the object detection model is more complicated than other computer vision models such as image classification models. Most of the images have several objects to be detected,...
Freshwater flux from the Greenland Ice Sheet has the capacity to affect regional and
global circulation as well as contribute to sea level rise. Outlet glaciers are an important part of
this process. They provide pathways for inland glaciers and ice sheets to melt and drain into the
surrounding oceans....
Disproportionate exposure to exploitative working conditions, social marginalization, and a lack of equitable living conditions are among the many issues that migrant Latinx populations face daily in the United States. However, such issues cannot be addressed by relying solely on traditional academic research approaches without the participation and direction of...
Metallic nuclear fuels have long been studied for use in advanced nuclear reactors, with efforts invested in improving the viability of metallic nuclear fuel elements and overall safety of advanced reactor design concepts. During reactor operations, fuel forms undergo restructuring due to a variety of physical phenomena. Expansion of the...
These datasets were used in the prospective meta-analysis of northern spotted owl reproductive rates over 25 years across 11 study areas located throughout the range of the owl. A multi-state occupancy file was created by collapsing site-specific information on owl reproductive status into bimonthly (2 per month) survey occasions. These...
With the unique conceptual and mathematical backgrounds of every introductory physics student, there is no way to design a rigid curriculum that anticipates and meets every student’s needs. We can employ machine learning to explore the correlations that exist in the voluminous data from educational settings. That is, institutional, gradebook,...
Due to increasing populations, food production must increase significantly to be sustainable. The Internet of Things has been shown to have potential in the field of agriculture to make farming practices more efficient. However, for IoT to be properly integrated into agriculture, sensors must be applied within the field and...
Tracr is a modern browser-based user interface, designed to be used with languages that can generate customized explanations from execution traces. While Tracr is primarily designed for use with the Xtra language, Tracr defines a generalized interface that would allow it to be used with other languages as well. Explanations...
A fully-saturated poroelastic medium is confined by the sides of a cylinder, and the regions below and above the medium are filled with fluid at respective constant pressures. The filtration flow of fluid through the poroelastic medium and the small deformations of the medium are described by a quasi-static Biot...
Recognized as a site of risk, innovation, and inspiration, failure is a growing area of multidisciplinary inquiry. My thesis draws attention specifically to the way composition studies approaches failure in order to ask: how can we implement failure pedagogies safely, and how do rhetorics of failure move toward social justice...
This arts-based autoethnography explores the experience of a graduate student of mathematics at a mid-sized research university through a collection of collage, songwriting, and personal essays. This research identifies issues in the mathematics academic pipeline associated with gender, burnout culture, perfectionism, mental health, qualifying exams, and isolation. The present research...
This study compares three approaches in the design of an autonomous machine listening agent that predicts harbor porpoise ultrasonic echolocation clicks in diverse noise environments. Considering the temporal variations of noisy coastal ocean soundscapes which the harbor porpoises inhabit, we propose a leave-one-day-out (LODO) cross-validation strategy in the training of...
Eccentric rate of force development (ECC RFD) is a measure of the rate at which muscles can generate decelerative forces. However, it has traditionally been measured while jumping on force plates, which are not easily accessible or easy to use in a practical setting. With technology advancements it may be...
This project blends personal narrative with scholarly work to recognize the interplay between these genre categorizations and to affirm the academic value of lived experience. Through this method, I play in the intersections of trans pedagogies, queer pedagogies, and pedagogies of love and care. By recounting how I blended these...
Institutions of higher education are working to be more inclusive of underrepresented groups, including first-generation and low-income college students. Broadly, data show a significant population of diverse students are now entering higher education, but completion rates are comparatively lower than entry rates. To combat this, we need to evaluate ways...
Bovine herpes virus 2 is the causative agent for bovine herpes mammalities, one of the many causes of mastitis in lactating dairy cattle. Primarily caused by bacterial infections, mastitis is a major cause of economic loss in dairy herds, and the causative agent is not always identified due to costs...
Automated systems have become increasingly important to human decision making and task performance in a wide variety of complex fields and situations. Decision aids, a specific form of automation, assist human operators in making complex decisions under conditions of uncertainty, such as air traffic control or combat identification. When humans...
Starch is a significant component of the human diet and the glucose produced through its digestion provides a critical source of energy. When starch enters the mouth, salivary α-amylase hydrolyzes it into maltooligosaccharides (MOS, degree of polymerization [DP] 3-20) and maltopolysaccharides (MPS, DP >20). Previous studies have found that humans...
When observers monitor for infrequent signals for extended durations, they generally experience a decline in detections over time. This decline is termed the vigilance decrement. Current theories of vigilance attribute the decrement to three potential mechanisms: conservative shifts in response bias, losses of sensitivity, and an increased rate of attentional...
As life expectancy continues to rise, adults over 65 are one of the fastest-growing age groups in the United States. As we have made significant strides in mitigating disease, we now have to consider health states that lead to disablement and the inability to age-in-place, including falls, frailty, functional mobility,...
Early life stages of marine fishes exert substantial control on the productivity and resilience of marine fisheries, as these life stages represent periods of extreme mortality. Additionally, eggs and larvae of marine fishes respond rapidly to environmental change and can thus be used to infer ecosystem-wide responses to climate change...
Latinx youth in the US experience stark inequities in sexual and reproductive health, including rates of unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. One promising way to reduce these inequities is to provide culturally centered, comprehensive sexual health education. However, such curricula are rarely offered to Latinx youth, in part because...
Prompt radiation accounts for 3% of the energy released in a nuclear blast. Simulating the prompt radiation will help identify the potential changes to the ambient temperature and pressure of air around the blast. The changes in ambient conditions may alter blast wave effects. The relationship between the energy deposition...
The objectives of this project are to 1) evaluate the fish passage for Lamprey at the Alder Creek, Corvallis, OR using HEC-RAS, and 2) develop a worksheet for the scour analysis if the culvert is removed. Fish passage criteria from Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife were applied to determine...
Early childhood is a crucial time for the holistic development of a child’s social, emotional, cognitive, and physical needs to build a solid and broad foundation for lifelong wellbeing and learning (Irwin et al., 2007). During this critical period, there is an increased demand for motor skills and executive function...
Computational statistical mechanics leans heavily on the class of Markov Chain Monte Carlo Algorithms. Many such algorithms exist, and simulations can run for several weeks, making the selection of algorithms a difficult, but critical task. In this work, we introduce a benchmark system of two quadratic wells with an analytical...
In the face of the global climate crisis, paired with current and future risks over water resources, the importance of effective water resources management cannot be overstated. However, there is a significant lack of specific metrics used to track water stewardship on a broad scale. Thus, in order to track...
The Arctic climate system is changing dramatically as a response to rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. Key indicators of Arctic change include thinning and retreating of Arctic pack ice, thawing permafrost, greening tundra, and rising surface temperatures. The structure of the atmospheric boundary layer influences and is influenced by processes...
This thesis argues for the importance of justice of recognition not only for humans, but the entire non-human world in the face of environmental destruction and climate crisis. The common response to the degradation of the world’s ecological sphere is to act with technological, scientific, and material based responses. However,...
In order to advocate for a nonviolent future, I argue throughout this thesis that we must redefine our sense of self within a social context. I assert that Communitarianism, which seeks balance between the individual and their many overlapping communities, can situate our identities as less absolute and more constitutive...
We explore the application of deep learning to the disparate fields of natural language processing and computational biology. Both the sentences uttered by humans as well as the RNA and protein sequences found within the cells of their bodies can be considered formal languages in computer science, as sets of...
Scour is the main cause of bridge failures in the United States. Bridge failures raise a
hazard to the safety of the traveling public as well as the massive economic
consequences due to the high cost of constructing a new or a replacement bridge. The
Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT)...
Magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits are giant geochemical anomalies in the earth’s crust most often generated by normal magmatic terrestrial processes. They are often associated with oxidized and hydrous intermediate to highly evolved magmas that have concentrated metals and have the necessary components to efficiently extract and transport them as ascending magmatic-hydrothermal...
This paper describes the construction and use of a cost-effective custom-built atomic layer deposition (ALD) system, as well as the investigation of aluminum oxide atomic layer deposition using trimethylaluminum and water. For this research, a cost-effective ALD system was constructed for less than $8,000 using existing parts that were given...
This work explores the hypothesis that proton irradiation is a feasible alternative to simulate accelerated thermal aging for Ni2Cr long-range ordered phase formation within NiCr and NiCrFe alloys. In this study, various model alloys and commercial alloys 690 and 690+P (0.01 wt.% P) were subject to 2 MeV proton irradiation...
Spontaneous quasicrystal (QC) formation has not been observed in pure metals either in computation or in experiments (excluding epitaxial growth of thin atomic layers on a QC template). In this thesis work, dodecagonal QC (DDQC) grains are first discovered to spontaneously form during thermal devitrification of pure tantalum (Ta) metallic...
Affective reactions to daily stressors are known mechanisms through which daily stressors impact health and well-being (e.g., Charles et al., 2013; Piazza et al., 2013; Sin et al., 2015; Stawski et al., 2019). Therefore, understanding what may promote resilience or vulnerability to such affective reactions is imperative. Theoretical perspectives (Almeida,...
The increasing focus on internationalization in Taiwan’s language-in-education policy has expanded the use of cross-cultural co-teaching pairs consisting of a native English-speaking teacher and a local non-native English-speaking teacher. While the model holds great potential for combining unique strengths, navigating cross-cultural communication in these co-teaching collaborations can be complex. This...
The experience of empathy is one of the essential counselor capacities considered necessary for developing a robust therapeutic relationship. However, as the development of technology made therapeutic interaction possible in virtual settings, the experience of empathy in telemental health via videoconferencing (TMH-V) has not been researched until now. Understanding the...
When studying robot systems, it is common to ask about optimal approaches to accomplish a given task. In the context of mobile systems, particularly biomimetic systems, optimization tasks are closely related to the relevant dynamics of locomotion. In this thesis, building on prior work from the geometric mechanics community, we...
Intensifications in seasonal temperature variation, attributed to increased greenhouse gas concentrations, are having an adverse effect on the forest composition of the northeastern United States. New York’s temperate broadleaf forests are undergoing alterations including a decline of the native sugar maple (Acer saccharum), as the species’ population begins to decrease...
An often overlooked student population within higher education, former foster youth, is a population that needs support. Students who were formerly a part of the foster care system who have since aged out, are left to navigate higher education institutions on their own. College support services tailored for the needs...
Pesticides benefit agriculture by increasing crop yield, quality, and security. However, pesticides may inadvertently harm bees, which are valuable as pollinators. Thus, candidate pesticides in development pipelines must be assessed for toxicity to bees.
Leveraging a data set of 382 molecules with toxicity labels from honey bee exposure experiments, we...
Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) is an invasive insect that was first discovered in Pennsylvania in 2014, and has since spread across the Northeastern United States. States in the Northeast have created quarantine zones, regulations, outreach, reporting systems, and management efforts for the control of spotted lanternfly. Despite states’ efforts, spotted...
This paper was written for feminist philosophy, and later minimally updated and chosen as a recipient of the Culture of Writing Award through the Writing Intensive Curriculum program.
In Dual-ion Batteries, anions as charge carriers might be a potential technique of energy storage. While fluoride anion has been selected as a promising charge carrier for energy storage due to its high charge/mass ratio and small ionic radius, carbonate anion has never been reported as a charge carrier for...
Spirituality is an important component in the lives of many Black Americans. Black American life has spirituality woven into multiple aspects. From what clothes to wear, what words to use when creating a dialogue with others, which television shows to watch, which jobs to pursue, how to treat those who...
Industrial waste heat composed of saturated liquid water can be redirected to charge a thermochemical energy storage (TCES) system. This energy can be stored long-term in the inherently energy-dense chemical bonds and used for space heating. Initial reactor scale cycling experiments were conducted in tandem with TCES material improvements. Hydration...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a known class of chemicals that are linked to a multitude of adverse health outcomes. There are over 1,500 of these chemicals across various families and subgroups. 16 of these PAHs, known as parent PAHs, are identified by the EPA for focused risk assessment within...
The application of a flapping foil with prescribed trailing edge motion to energy harvesting in a low reduced frequency (k = fc/U∞) regime was experimentally studied. The effects of the phase and amplitude of the applied trailing edge motion upon time-variant power extraction capability have been measured and are interpreted....
Fuel qualification timelines for new fuel technology under ideal conditions can take between 20-25 years to be fully qualified from initial concept to deployment as full fuel assemblies. To reduce the timeline and costs, new separate-effects test and integral-effects test experiments, advanced instrumentation, and advanced modeling and simulation tools are...
Developed coastlines provide a variety of recreation opportunities to coastal residents and visitors but are also the first line of defense for oceanfront development against chronic hazards like erosion and sea level rise. In the Pacific Northwest of the United States, oceanfront homes also face an additional severe but very...
Thermal wave imaging (TWI), a technology based on heat conduction and radiation through materials, is a relatively new addition to current non-destructive inspections (NDI) systems. Bonding of composites, an extremely important step in manufacturing and repair of laminates, could be affected by defects originating from faulty manufacturing processes or damages...
Since the collapse of World Trade Center building number seven (WTC7), significant research has been done to understand the behavior of steel structures in fire and enable engineers to account for the behavior of steel framing systems exposed to fire during design. Despite these efforts, there are still significant barriers...
Improving crop cultivars for use on organic farms is pertinent, as current elite germplasm is less resilient within the more variable context of organic farm environments. Although a growing number of studies have focused on organic plant breeding in cereal crops, very few have focused on vegetable crops, especially those...
Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) have an extensive history of harvest in the United States. The Pacific Northwest is well-reputed as a major source of floral greens for international markets. One NTFP in particular, beargrass (Xerophyllum tenax), has been repeatedly identified as a prominent, high-value species in the floral greens industry...
Worldwide, networks of plants and pollinators are faced with the threat of climate change. The extent of this threat and the degree of adaptability is not yet understood. In Oregon, climate change is predicted to bring hotter and drier summers which may have consequences for pollinators and the resources they...
Cheese has been produced since ancient times and continues to be an important nutrient-dense staple in many diets around the world. Cheese quality is of high importance to consumers, and it is important for cheese producers to establish process controls to prevent and control cheese spoilage. Fungal spoilage is of...
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent issue that impacts individuals around the world. Mental health professionals need comprehensive and inclusive IPV training to support victims/survivors well. The IPV literature posits several concerns surrounding the quality of IPV training that counselors-in-training (CITs) receive. Obtaining an understanding in how master’s level...
Fast neutron detection is important to the detection of illicit nuclear materials and can help prevent those materials from being used or transported without discovery. Previous research has shown that Heavy Oxide Inorganic Scintillator crystals can be used to detect fast neutrons by capitalizing on their high inelastic scattering cross...
There is a growing need for an expanded Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) framework that is able to accommodate new uncertainties that are present in Generation 3+ reactor designs. Dynamic PRA (DPRA) can allow for a more realistic risk assessment by taking advantage of established nuclear simulation codes to drive Dynamic...
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), protein regions (IDRs), and protein
complexes continue to emerge at the forefront of protein science. Proteins and protein
regions lacking specific structure are found in all organisms, and often have vital
roles in numerous biological processes. Breaking the well-known structure-function
paradigm, the understanding of disorder-based functionality...
In counselor education, gatekeeping is essential practice, particularly as new and learning counselors enter the field of counseling (Benshoff & Gibbons, 2011). While the expectation of gatekeeping is clear and valued in the profession of counselor education, gatekeeping is difficult for faculty (Chang & Rubel, 2019). Two intersecting factors that...
California and Steller sea lions (Zalophus californianus, Eumetopias jubatus, respectively) are considered sentinel species because they have long life spans, are long-term coastal residents, feed at high trophic levels, and have large blubber stores that serve as depots for anthropogenic toxicants. There are few studies on sea lion health and...
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) disproportionately effects hematologic cancers when compared to solid tumor malignancies. Self-management of CRF has received increasing attention in solid tumor cancers, however, fatigue self-management in hematologic cancers has received significantly less systematic investigation. The purpose of this research was to determine effective strategies for self-managing fatigue across...
This study examines the extent and causes of deforestation in western Syria over the past 11 years of war, and well as its social, environmental, and economic impacts. The coastal mountains of western Syria, which are home to nearly 80% of Syria's forests, have witnessed a 24% loss of forest...
Wildlife managers often use species distribution models (SDMs) as an initial tool in conservation planning. Managers and researchers have made efforts to model the habitat and distribution of pygmy rabbits (Brachylagus idahoensis) across their historic range since the species was proposed for listing under the Endangered Species Act (USFWS 2003)....
Various factors prevent women from entering the labor force, including but not limited to, years of education, fertility conditions, number of children, household work, socioeconomic background, cultural and religious believes. 49% of Pakistan’s population is female and only 20% of the total labor force comprises of women. For a developing...
In the search to improve and incorporate nano and renewable materials into urea-formaldehyde (UF), several researchers have incorporated cellulose nano fibrillated (CNF) into the adhesive. This study aimed to find an optimal way of incorporating CNF into UF and understand how CNF interacts with and changes the properties of the...
This study is designed to evaluate to what degree action at the household level in WUI wildfire preparedness is influenced by targeted public information, or behaviorally informed, interventions. The desired outcome of the public information interventions is increasing the number of households taking action to reduce wildfire risk through the...
K-12 teacher retention is an enduring concern in the United States as teachers are vital for educational achievement and change. National trends demonstrate how widespread an issue teacher retention is, yet teacher labor markets remain highly localized and highlight the complexity of teacher retention decisions. We need an improved understanding...
Floodplains are a significant and increasingly threatened ecosystem. As restoration projects are implemented more frequently in degraded floodplains, novel methods are emerging with a focus on restoring critical processes in which vegetation plays a key role. The purpose of this paper is two-fold: 1) to develop expectations for vegetation response,...
This studies the participants in Black Lives Matter-related communication on the social media app TikTok and the content they posted. Using grounded theory, the information gathered from Black Lives Matter TikTok videos was analyzed to determine the goals of the content creators, as well as the feasibility of community dialogue...
By studying gravitational waves, we can gain new insights into the merging events between massive objects such as black holes as well as neutron stars. Moreover, studying low-frequency waves allows us to observe merging events between supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies, which in turn allows us to...
This research paper describes the impacts of a new programming class on first-year, non-CS engineering students. In the spring of 2021, the College of Engineering at Oregon State University piloted a new programming course that will be required of all engineering majors in the following academic years. We used the...
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths among women, with an estimated 12.4% of American women diagnosed with this tumor type. Evidence suggests that exogenous disruptors can exert epigenetic changes leading to aberrant gene expression, shifting the cellular balance toward oncogenesis. While chemical pollutant exposure is well-studied, light...
Although it is the first drug approved for usage to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), riluzole’s mechanism of action is unknown and its therapeutic quality is hampered by its relatively short window of effectiveness. P2X7 is a purine receptor found in astrocytes and other cells, which increases calcium concentrations within...
In discrete event simulation, probability distributions are used as models of various unpredictable system components. The times between equipment failures and job processing times are examples of such random system components. The commonly recommended and taught practice for selecting a probability distribution to represent a random component is a multistep...
The North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) times periodic signals from pulsars as a method of detecting gravitational waves. NANOGrav detects waves emitted in the nanohertz frequency range, a range lower than those previously explored by other organizations. This allows for the study of rarely observed sources such...
Differential access to healthcare contributes to health disparities, and discrimination by language preferences may limit healthcare access to individuals for whom English is not their preferred language. This study looks at whether those who have different language preferences within the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS ) survey reported different...
Glycomacropeptide (GMP) is a bioactive peptide found in the dairy product whey, along with whey protein isolate (WPI). Past studies have shown that digested GMP retains bioactivity in rodent guts. This study tested whether GMP or GMP-derived peptides or whey protein or whey protein-derived peptides inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines. THP-1 cells...
From British Columbia to northern California, coastal giant salamanders (Dicamptodon tenebrosus) are a dominant vertebrate predator in headwater streams. Though widespread, salamander health and abundance levels differ greatly between locations, provoking the question as to what factors may influence this variation and whether habitat features or biotic variables play a...
One of the main ways that one can accurately gain knowledge of the experiences of students on a college campus is to talk to the students themselves. In this study, we used Photovoice, a participatory action approach, to help better understand the experiences of the students at Oregon State University...
Probiotics are defined as “live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit to the host”. A wide variety of putative probiotics exist on the market; however, clinical evidence of their efficacy is lacking. Probiotics have been previously used in the treatment of metabolic diseases like type...
Fires that affect buildings can have disastrous impacts, including significant losses to people, property, and the environment. Understanding how fires can impact structures provides the foundation to prevent structural collapse in fire. It is critical that the effect of fire is studied to protect the safety and welfare of civilians....
Microtubules (MT) are highly dynamic cylindrical-like structures within cells whose growth is controlled by motor proteins, a class of biological machines that walk along the MT while simultaneously regulating MT growth. Here we are interested in the behavior of kinesin-14 motor proteins. Although processive behavior of kinesin-14 motors has been...
Estradiol (E2) plays a role in positive and negative feedback mechanisms of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in female mammals. These mechanisms are regulated by two different populations of kisspeptin (KP)-producing neurons: anteroventral periventricular (AVPV) neurons, which are stimulated by E2, and arcuate (arc) neurons, which are inhibited by E2. AVPV...
Treated wood commodities disposed of in landfills contain chemicals that can migrate into the environment. Wood treatments such as ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate (ACZA) contain heavy metals which prevent the biological degradation of wood. These metals can migrate out of treated wood into soil or groundwater, posing environmental hazards. This...
Invasive plant species are a significant concern in Oregon’s forests, particularly in early-seral sites. Early-seral forests are generated by severe disturbances such as fire or timber harvest, and persist until canopy closure. They are vulnerable to invasion because they have abundant resources, and are important because they provide unique resources....
The phosphoprotein (P protein) in viruses of the Mononegavirales order is known to play an essential role in the completion of viral replication mechanisms. The P protein is involved in stabilizing the viral polymerase and nucleoprotein during RNA transcription and replication, regulating nascent RNA encapsidation by the nucleoprotein, and mediation...
Asians are a minority group that are scarcely represented throughout Hollywood and the film industry. Even when there is some type of inclusion, they are often subjected to stereotypes that have been perpetuated for decades. This contributes to shaping how Asian and Asian Americans are perceived, as well as the...
This is a two-part thesis. The first part is a generalization of vector calculus tools to Minkowski Space, a non-Euclidean 3-dimensional geometry that has a distance function that is not positive definite. We orient a cube in Minkowski Space using the generalized Stokes' Theorem to relate a divergence integral to...
About one third of Americans have metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by five risk factors related to blood pressure and triglyceride levels and could lead to diabetes and heart disease if left untreated. Watermelon has been shown to exhibit cardioprotective effects due to its high phytochemical content and may act...
Objective: This study presents an in-depth review of the correlations between peer learning methods and Academic success for students within the Oregon State University introductory PH 20X physics series. This study also sought to determine how, if any, demographics impacted the relationship between these correlates, and if the course structure...
