Since most wolf (Canis lupus) diet studies have been conducted in inland ecosystems, comparatively few data are available on diets of wolves in coastal systems. We investigated the diet of wolves in Glacier Bay, Alaska, from 12 May to 28 June in both 2010 and 2011. Although we identified 12...
A new laboratory technique to simulate the initiation of wood decay and to assess the effects of incipient decay on material properties is described. Douglas-fir heartwood specimens were exposed to brown-rot (Postia placenta and Gloeophyllum trabeum) fungi for various periods. Bendlng properties were determined by nondestructive and destructive tests, and...
This report describes the relationship of incising-induced strength loss in bending as a function of preservative treatment and incising pattern, density, and depth of penetration for various machine stress-rated (MSR) grades of full-size 2 by 4 Douglas-fir, Hem-Fir, and Spruce-Pine-Fir (South) dimension lumber. This study may represent a worst-case "incising...
This study evaluated the effects of pretreatment incising of dry lumber and preservative treatment on the shear strength of 1980 pieces of 2 X 4 dimension lumber (nominal 50 mm X 100 mm X 3.6 m long). Three species groups (Douglas-fir, Hem-Fir. and Spruce-Pine-Fir-South) and two commercially produced machine-stress-rated grades...
Changes in dietary selenium and selenoprotein status may influence both anti- and pro-cancer pathways, making the outcome of interventions different from one study to another. To characterize such outcomes in a defined setting, we undertook a controlled hepatocarcinogenesis study involving varying levels of dietary selenium and altered selenoprotein status using...
The purpose of this study is to develop
a workable plant layout
evaluation technique incorporating adequate
definitive measures of
intangible plant layout considerations.
A summary and critique is
given of existing evaluation methods. A
quantitative evaluation index
(QEI) is proposed to remedy the described
deficiencies.
The proposed index can be...
Land-use change, particularly in the form of the conversion of primary forest to forest-matrix systems, alters species communities and species interactions. Describing these often complex and nuanced species responses is one of the great challenges in ecology. Another complementary challenge is finding and using the most efficient means for collecting...
Denali National Park and Preserve (Denali) contains one of the highest densities of nesting Golden Eagles (Aquila cluysaetos) in North America. Productivity of this migratory population varies both temporally and spatially. Regardless of prey abundance, more fledglings are consistently produced at some nesting territories than others. In many raptor studies,...
This dissertation aims to elicit how a neo-colonial context shapes maternal and infant heath (MIH) outcomes by describing how they are socially, politically, historically, and culturally produced. Using a multi-level critical biocultural, medical anthropological research approach, the purpose of this research was to investigate maternal stress in the United States...
Accurate taxonomy is essential to preservation and management of native
grasses. Four problems in fescue taxonomy were investigated: the identity of the
native fescue that dominates western Oregon and Washington prairies, the relationship
of native Festuca roemeri to closely related grasses, the status of F. howellii and F.
washingtonica, and...
Salmonid run sizes are strongly affected by their early marine stage. Fully understanding the life history of salmonids means understanding how they interact with their marine environment and with other fishes. Changes in the biological and physical environment off the Columbia River region affects the distribution and abundance of predatory...
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have demonstrated the ability to improve lubrication and thermal conductivity, and stand as promising metalworking lubricant and coolant additives due to their low cost compared to other NPs. While nanomaterials are a focus of research due to their potential to enable advanced technologies, little is...
Climate change, wildfire, timber harvest, and land conversion alter the availability of downed wood in forests of the western United States. Numerous taxa rely on downed wood for temperature and humidity refugia, and downed wood may play a key role in enabling the persistence of climate-sensitive, low-vagility species like terrestrial...
Species declines and extinctions have been recorded across taxa as evidence of an ongoing global biodiversity crisis. Amphibians are at the forefront of these declines with nearly one third of amphibian species estimated to be at risk of extinction. While many factors contribute to population declines and extinctions, the role...
• Reduced lignin content in perennial crops has been sought as a means to
improve biomass processability for paper and biofuels production, but it is unclear
how this could affect wood properties and tree form.
• Here, we studied a nontransgenic control and 14 transgenic events containing
an antisense 4-coumarate:coenzyme...
The use of midazolam as a tranquilizer for anesthesia in mustelids in conjunction with the cyclohexamine ketamine is not well documented. Because midazolam is fast acting, inexpensive, and quickly metabolized, it may serve as a good alternative to other more commonly used tranquilizers. We trapped and anesthetized 27 Pacific martens...
Proceedings of Visible Possibilities: The Economics of Sustainable Fisheries, Aquaculture and Seafood Trade, the 16th Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, held July 16-20, 2012 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Plants often encase seeds in a nutritional reward to incentivize seed dispersal by birds and mammals, but these seeds may also be removed and destroyed by seed predators. Although birds are typically thought to be the primary seed dispersers of berries in temperate systems, in southeast Alaska and other salmon-bearing...