Disease detection through traditional techniques such as scouting fields on foot, molecular assays, or morphological identification of plant pathogens is time consuming and costly. Disease diagnosis in the field can be extremely subjective, and largely depends on the experience and knowledge of pathogen identification and disease quantification. This thesis provides...
Sweet corn (Zea mays L.) yields in the Willamette Valley of Oregon have been declining since the early 1990’s. Studies were done to determine if there is a relationship between ear weight and several disease parameters including necrotic crowns or stalk nodes, nodal root rot, radicle root rot, and sub-crown...
After an unusually high incidence of Fusarium canker was observed in commercial hop fields of the Pacific Northwest, field surveys were conducted and revealed that canker incidence ranged from 20 to 60% of bines sampled in six commercial fields, as well as wide-spread Hop stunt viroid infection in these six...
Commercial radish seed producers in the Willamette Valley of Oregon have observed a late season wilt in their seed fields. Twenty-two fields were surveyed for wilt in the Willamette Valley during June through August 2012 and 2013. Plants exhibiting wilt symptoms were collected from the fields and examined for vascular...
A necrosis at the tip of cones was observed on hop (Humulus lupulus), cultivar "Nugget", grown in Oregon in the early 1990's. Fusarium sambucinum and F. avenaceum were recovered from symptomatic cones in 1998 and preliminary inoculation experiments suggested both Fusarium species could cause hop cone necrosis. Studies were carried...
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (causal agent of white mold) can cause serious economic losses in snap bean production as well as many other crops. Spores are produced in apothecia (mushroom-like structures) that develop from over-wintering sclerotia in the soil. Sclerotia are long-lived, durable hyphal survival structures produced by the fungus and they...
Sweet corn is susceptible to various pathogenic Fusarium species and has been long known to be subject to early season diseases of seed rot and seedling blight as well as root rot and later season problems with stalk rot and ear rots. More recently, fields in the Willamette Valley of...
Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, affects all species of the Crucifer family, including wild mustard. It is a fungus-like microorganism that can persist in soil in the form of durable resting spores for 18 years or longer after an infected crop. These resting spores can be spread through any means...
The two most economically important plant pathogens in the Pseudoperonospora (Peronosporaceae) genus are P. cubensis, causal agent of cucurbit downy mildew, and P. humuli, causal agent of hop downy mildew. These organisms have been shown to be very closely related phylogenetically and morphologically. In 2005, researchers in Korea proposed that...
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David. H. Gent CynthiaM. Ocamb
The two most economically important plant pathogens in
The Pacific Northwest is an internationally important region for the production of Brassica seed and other seed crops including grass seed. Oregon lawmakers mandated research into the co-existence of canola (Brassica napus) with other Brassica production in the Willamette Valley and House Bill 2427 was signed into law in 2013,...
Sweet corn and snap bean production, amongst other vegetable crops grown in the Willamette Valley of Oregon, are impacted by soilborne diseases caused by Fusarium species. The decline in sweet corn yields due to Fusarium crown and stalk node rot as well as root rot in snap bean and sweet...
Fusarium proliferatum is a fungus found in soils which produces the mycotoxin group known as fumonisins. Of human concern due to hepato-, nephro- and neurotoxicity, the threat of fumonisins lies within several food items, including corn, wheat sorghum, asparagus and, more recently, garlic. Manifesting as ““garlic rot”,” F. proliferatum infection...
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CynthiaOcamb, Committee Member, representing Department of Botany and Plant Pathology
Over the past half century, the USDA Forest Service has increasingly faced
diverse and often competing demands for forest resources, ranging from recreation,
to ecosystem services, and timber supply. Building positive community-agency
relationships has become increasingly important. Such relationships can improve
community support for forest planning and management activities, ultimately...
Podosphaera macularis, causal agent of hop powdery mildew, is known to produce cleistothecia (syn. chasmothecia) in eastern North America and Europe, but ascocarps are not reported from the Pacific Northwestern region of North America. Reasons for the apparent absence of cleistothecia in the Pacific Northwest are unknown. We established that...
Hop powdery mildew (Podosphaera macularis) was confirmed in the Pacific Northwest in 1996. Before 2012, the most common race of P. macularis was able to infect plants that possessed powdery mildew resistance based on the R-genes Rb, R3, and R5. Post 2012, two additional races of P. macularis were discovered...
An important inoculum source of Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa (syn Plenodomus spp.), the pathogens that cause black leg in Brassicaceae crops, is infected plant residues. The general acceptance of conservation tillage in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, USA, has enabled a build-up in the amount of residue on or near...
Objective 1: Evaluate commercial sweet corn varieties and inbred germplasm in small plots for susceptibility to root rot, stalk node rot, and crown rot. Objective 2: Examine the relationship between Western Spotted Cucumber Beetle reproduction and seed microbial communities.
Cancellation of the registration of an effective bean mold fungicide, Ronilan, occurred at the end of the 2005 growing season. Finding equivalent alternatives for use in snap bean is critical. The goal of the project is to continue evaluations of alternative fungicides for their effectiveness in controlling white mold (Sclerotinia...
Objective 1: Evaluation of commercial sweet corn varieties and inbred germplasm in small plots for susceptibility to seed rot/damping-off as well as root, stalk, and crown rot. Objective 2: Evaluation of microbial (biofungicides) and chemical treatments for suppression of sweet corn seed rot/damping-off, root rot, and crown rot.Objective 3: Cooperate...
Objective 1: Evaluation of commercial sweet corn varieties and inbred germplasm in small plots for susceptibility to seed rot/damping-off as well as root, stalk, and crown rot. Objective 2: Evaluation of microbial and chemical treatments for suppression of sweet corn seed rot/damping-off, root rot, and crown rot. Objective 3: Cooperate...