Nomia melanderi Cockerell is one of the most efficient pollinators
of alfalfa in Eastern Oregon.
Emergence begins in June, usually reaches its peak in early
July, and may continue into early August. Male emergence precedes
female emergence by four or five days. For the first few weeks of
this time,...
The study provides the details of the ethology of Megachile rotundata
(Fabricius), and presents preliminary observations on its
foraging and nesting behavior. Development from prepupae to adults
proceeds most rapidly at 32 degrees C., and is retarded when held
at lower and higher temperatures.
Male behavior is distinct from that...
Chalkbrood is a mycosis of larvae of the alfalfa leafcutting bee,
Megachile rotundata (Fabricius). It is a serious threat to alfalfa seed
growers in western North America who use populations of this bee for
pollination. Basic studies were conducted to determine the etiology of
this disease and the course of...
An experimental formulation of 9 -oxodec-trans-2-enoic acid, the major component of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) queen pheromone, was tested for its effect on worker foraging behavior in the pollination of sweet cherries (Prunus avium L. ). The test formulation consisted of a solid beeswax cylinder impregnated with a measured...
ENTOMOLOGISTS, BOTANISTS, and AGRICULTURISTS all
have occasion to concern themselves with bees. The en-tomologist is fascinated by their complex behavior pat-terns, the botanist needs to evaluate their significance infloral biology, and the agriculturist must take them into account as vital factors in crop production. Finally, the apiculturist often wishes to...
This thesis is a discussion of the major bee diseases
found in Oregon with notes on minor ailments of bees and
on diseases not yet present followed by a history of the
introduction and spread of the more important diseases,
a history of bee legislation in Oregon and a discussion...
Heterostylum robustum (Osten Sacken) is the principal parasite
of the alkali bee, Nomia melanderi Ckll., one of the most efficient
pollinators of alfalfa in the western United States.
The purpose of the study was to determine the incidence of
parasitism and to investigate the biology of H. robustum.
The fly...
The leaf- cutter bee Megachile rotundata (Fabricius) is an important
alfalfa pollinator in western North America.
This study was designed to provide information on methods of
orientation used by M. rotundata in order to make recommendations
regarding the parameters within which adult nesting populations may
be relocated.
Preliminary studies suggest...
The pathogenicity of A. flavus on alkali bee larvae was studied
using sample materials from three nesting sites of these soil
inhabiting bees along the Oregon-Washington state line. Soil
saprophytes of the biosphere of the alkali bee were also studied.
Field observations and direction of soil cores from bee beds...
Published June 1954. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised June 1958. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The following taxonomic keys are adapted in part from the subgeneric and species descriptions and keys produced by McGinley (2003), Gibbs et al. (2013) and Gardner and Gibbs (2022). Additional identification information was provided by Jason Gibbs, Thilina Hettiarachchi (University of Manitoba), and Joel Gardner (Washington State University). While these...
The objectives of this study were (a) to measure the amount
of cross-pollination caused by three bee species at 10, 20 and 40
rods distance from a foreign pollen source, (b) to measure the effects
of bee species, planting pattern and season on broad sense heritability
estimates for seed yield...
The study involves the establishment, management, and behavioral
observations of Nomia melanderi Cockerell and Megachile rotundata
(Fabricius) in California, a survey of native bees within western Fresno
County, a determination of selfing and/or parthenocarpy in two fields of
alfalfa, and observations on the honeybee as an alfalfa pollinator.
The alkali...
Published October 1955. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published October 1981. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Managed honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies are important pollinators of many cultivated crops. Honey bee colony declines averaging 30% annually in the United States for the past 7 years have caused significant concern and hence have been a topic of intensive investigation. These declines are reportedly due to multiple...
This thesis studies connections between disorder type in tree polymers and the branching random walk and presents an application to swarm site-selection. Chapter two extends results on tree polymers in the infinite volume limit to critical strong disorder. Almost sure (a.s.) convergence in the infinite volume limit is obtained for...
Diagnoses, synonymies, range maps, and an illustrated key are provided for the six species of Halictus found in the Northwest: H. confusus, H. farinosus, H. ligatus, H. rubicundus, H. tripartitus, and H. virgatellus. Observations by Chandler, Dolphin, and Roberts on nesting and foraging behavior is combined with a review of...
Diagnoses, synonymies, range maps, and an illustrated key are provided
for the six species of Agapostemcn found in the Northwest: A. angelicus, A.
coloradinus, A. femoratus, A. melliventris, A. texanus, and A. virescens.
Adults of both sexes of A. virescens share a nest. Peculiar linearly paired
male-female cells in nests...
Up to 99.9% of native North American grasslands have been degraded since European settlement, primarily due to agricultural conversion. Today, grasslands are a top priority for restoration as they provide essential habitat for many rare and endangered species; however, the majority of studies in grasslands have focused on vegetation or...
An overview of how a variety of wild and managed bees and their pollination activities are affected by pesticide application. Provides guidelines for how beekeepers, growers and pesticide applicators can work together to prevent bee poisoning.
Published April 1975. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published 1975. Reprinted October 1989. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The importance of pollinators in native and managed landscapes is well known, and recent interest is directed towards investigating the role of native bees as providers of pollination ecosystem services. Uncertainty about bee populations at global and local scales has prompted research and general interest in conservation of bee diversity....
Native bees play an important role as pollinators of natural vegetation and agricultural
crops. Yet many pollinators, including some native bees, are declining in numbers.
Some of the potential causes of these declines are habitat destruction and degradation
by various human land uses, including urban development and sprawl, construction of...
This work combines both applied and basic research regarding previously undescribed relationships between two ecologically and economically important insect groups in coniferous forests, bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) and wild bee (Hymenoptera: Apiformes) communities in Western North America. Across the continent, native bark beetle outbreaks are key drivers of structural...
Commercially managed honey bees pollinate a variety of crops in the Pacific Northwest, including tree fruits, berries, cucurbits, and crops grown for seed. This activity is economically significant. In 2004, the value of bee-pollinated crops in the region was approximately $1.7 billion. Nationally, the value of bee-pollinated crops in 2000...
Bees provide critical pollination services to diverse agricultural crops, native plants and trees. Globally, there are reports of bee declines which have been attributed to diseases, exposure to pesticides and changes in land use that are believed to have led to a reduction in foraging resources and nesting habitats for...