The gravitational anomalies of simple bodies (sphere, cylinder, and fault) were used to develop methods for analyzing gravity data in the frequency domain. The Fourier transforms of the functional representations of the theoretical gravitational anomalies of these bodies were obtained. Mathematical formulations were made between the transform versus frequency relationships...
In July 1964 three seismic refraction profiles were recorded
over Stonewall Bank (44°32'N, 124°24'W) to determine gross sub-bottom
geological structure to depths of thousands of feet. In August
1964 a continuous seismic reflection profiler was used to document
shallow geological structure within the rocks forming the Bank.
Stonewall Bank is...
The character of the primary seismic wave in the
range of distances between 100 and 600 km is affected by
such factors as the nature of the source, exponential
attenuation, crustal structure, type of wave propagation,
recording site geology and instrument response. The
first arrivals from the GNOME and SHOAL...
The vertical and radial components of a seismic P wave can be
decomposed by a Fourier transform into two sets of nonterminating
sinusoidal waves with one set for each component. The tangent of the
vertical transform divided by the radial transform gives by definition
he apparent angle of emergence for...
The first cycle of seismic waves recorded at distances of 45,
300 and 355 km. from the GNOME nuclear explosion was used to determine
whether the near source wave characteristics at 0.3 km.
could be determined from distance measurements. Both head wave
and body wave propagation were considered. First the...
Fourier transformed amplitudes of the compressional waves
recorded between 9° and 91° (about 1000 to 10,000 km) epicentral
distance from Gnome, Shoal, Haymaker,and Bilby underground
nuclear explosions have been compared with Fourier transformed
amplitudes of P waves measured at distances between 9.0 and
1 3. 0 km from the explosions....
From measurements of thermal and electrical conductivities of
64 ocean sediment samples obtained from piston cores taken off the
Oregon Coast, and from 37 water-saturated sandstone samples analyzed
by Zierfuss and Van der Vliet (1956), as well as 51 thermal
conductivities and water contents of ocean sediments analyzed by
Ratcliffe...
A marine geophysical study using shallow seismic reflection, gravity and magnetic methods of investigation was done for an offshore area near Newport, Oregon. The area is bounded by the latitudes 44°1O' to 44°50' N. and longitudes 124°07' to 124°30' W. The interpretation of observational data showed that the geology of...
This thesis is concerned with near source primary seismic waves generated by, the Gnome, Hardhat, Shoal and Haymaker underground nuclear explosions. Records of ground motion between 0.3 and 20.0 kilometers from the sources were analyzed in terms of displacement amplitude and energy variations with distance. The observed data have been...
Anthropogenic induced climate change is predicted to alter distribution of existing plant populations. As plants migrate over space and time, populations often fragment and contract, affecting basic elements of population dynamics (e.g., population size, gene flow, genetic diversity, etc.). Little is known, however, how these impacts on plant species will...
Secondary metabolites (SMs) play an integral role in the life history of most fungal species. Fungal metabolomic studies provide insights into how fungi perform certain ecological functions, how they compete and interact with other organisms, and the breadth of fungal chemodiversity. Fungal SMs have also been utilized for a variety...
An increased understanding of secondary metabolism in fungi is important for both biological and societal reasons. The ascomycete genus, Tolypocladium, is an ideal system to explore secondary metabolism characterization, ecology, evolution and regulation. The genus produces and has the genomic potential to produce a wide array of metabolites. Paired with...
The gas phase electron-diffraction (GED) technique has been the primary method used to expand our knowledge and understanding of gas-phase molecular structures. The technique yields interatomic distances and bond angles that are of use in both theoretical and experimental studies.
The GED structural parameters are thermal averages over all vibrational...
Rhizopogon vesiculosus is a common ectomycorrhizal (EM) symbiont of Pseudotusga menziesii (Douglas-fir) in the coast range of the Pacific Northwest. The species has been studied for its systematics, genet size, population structure, and competitive ability in several field and experimental studies. This thesis seeks to provide a more thorough characterization...
Rhizopogon is a large genus of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi that grows in association with host trees of the family Pinaceae. We have conducted a series of studies investigating the ecology and evolutionary biology of the EM symbiosis shared between R. subgenus Villosuli and trees of the genus Pseudotsuga. Two members...
Fungi in the genus Tolypocladium are diverse in their host associations, but the predominant ecologies include parasites of the ectomycorrhizal genus Elaphomyces and pathogens of insects. The aim of this dissertation research is to examine the evolution of these fungi and their host associations. To accomplish this several lines of...
A finite element formulation is developed for the prediction of
the large displacement response of pipelines which are placed upon
irregularly contoured marine sediments and are subsequently subjected
to episodic hydrodynamic loads. The equations of motion during each
episode of extreme wave activity are obtained from a variational form
of...
The work presented in this thesis deals with the mechanisms by which a vibrationally excited diatomic molecule gives up its energy to a host monatomic lattice at low temperature. The vibrational lifetimes (v"=1) of the metal oxides Ba0 and A10 in their ground electronic states are studied using pulsed dual...
Applications of several methods of coherent nonlinear Raman Spectroscopy have been made in this thesis research. The theory and potential of one of these, Photoacoustic Raman Spectroscopy (PARS), is discussed in chapter two. Experimental results are presented which illustrate the sensitivity of this method and establish sampling conditions for maximum...
Due to its importance, the phenomenon of hydrogen
bonding has been the subject of much research over the
years. Among the different techniques used to study
hydrogen bonded systems, vibrational spectroscopy is
perhaps the most sensitive because of the striking
changes induced in molecular spectra by the formation of
hydrogen...
The CARS apparatus at OSU was modified to permit studies in the 0-500 cm⁻¹ spectral region. The new low frequency capabilities were then used to study molecular clusters formed in free expansion jets of carbon dioxide. A strong cluster band was observed at 73 cm⁻¹, with a weaker shoulder at...
The techniques of coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS)
and inverse Raman spectroscopy (IRS) are used to examine carbon dioxide
aggregation in a supersonic jet expansion. To promote the formation of
small clusters, a BMW injector valve is modified to permit its use as a
pulsed nozzle at very cold temperatures....
The high resolution stimulated Raman spectrometer at OSU was
modified to improve its sensitivity and to extend its range of
applications to low Raman shifts and to the spectroscopy of solids and
liquids. As part of the characterization of the spectrometer, optical
Stark effects on rotational and vibrational transitions of...
Rhizopogon is a hypogeous fungal genus that forms ectomycorrhizae
with genera of the Pinaceae. The greatest number and species of
Rhizopogon are found in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwestern
United States, where members of the Pinaceae are also concentrated.
Rhizopogon spp. are host-specific primarily with Pinus spp. and
Pseudotsuga...
Smoking patterns were described and compared retrospectively for 5395 participants in the Lung Health Study at 12 and 24 months. 3592 participants were assigned to a special intervention (SI) group that received a counseling assisted smoking cessation intervention that included nicotine gum and 1803 participants were assigned to a usual...
This investigation was conducted to determine the effectiveness of Personal Achievement Skills (PAS), a structured group psychotherapy approach, on the productivity, social functioning, self-esteem, locus of control, and life satisfaction of individuals with traumatic spinal cord injury. Subjects for the study were recruited through disability advocacy organizations, state disability service...
A new experimental apparatus was built at Oregon State University to perform high resolution stimulated Raman spectroscopy in a pulsed molecular jet at state densities of the order of 10¹¹ cm⁻³. The technique uses a stimulated Raman step to first populate a vibrational/rotational level and then a resonantly enhanced multiphoton...
Ramaria is a genus of epigeous fungi common to the coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest of North America. The extensively branched basidiocarps and the positive chemical reaction of the context in ferric sulfate are distinguishing characteristics of the genus. The genus is estimated to contain between 200-300 species and...
High resolution spectroscopy was used to study the properties of two simple polyatomic molecules, sulfur trioxide, SO₃, and carbon suboxide, C₃O₂. The fundamental modes and several hot bands of the ¹⁸O isotopic fonns of SO₃ (³²S¹⁸O₃ and ³⁴S¹⁸O₃) have been investigated using both infrared spectroscopy and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering...
Two nonlinear optical experiments are presented in which the third-order electronic susceptibility of molecules is used to generate Raman signals. The first one uses a single 532 nm beam from a Nd:YAG laser to produce Stimulated Raman Scattering in benzene and deuterated benzene. With a simple experimental set-up, stimulated emission...
The two sulfur isotopomers of sulfur trioxide, ³²S¹⁶O₃ and ³⁴S¹⁶O₃, have been studied via high resolution infrared and Coherent anti-Stokes Raman (CARS) spectroscopy. The v₁ symmetric SO stretching Q-branches observed by the latter are quite different, being especially complex for ³²S¹⁶O₃ Understanding this band structure required analysis of infrared-active hot...
Mat-forming ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi represent a prevalent constituent of many temperate forest ecosystems and create dramatic changes in soil structure and chemistry. EcM mat soil have been shown to have increased microbial respiration rates and have been hypothesized to harbor unique assemblages of fungi and bacteria. The objectives of this...
Cordyceps is a genus of perithecial ascomycetes. It includes over 400 species
that are pathogens of arthropods and parasites of the truffle genus Elaphomyces. Based
on the morphology of cylindrical asci, thickened ascus apices and filiform ascospores,
it is classified in the Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales), which also includes endophytes
and epiphytes...
Before the arrival of Euro-Americans, the inland Pacific Northwest was settled by native
people whose frequent intentional burning of the landscape promoted open stands
dominated by large fire-resistant ponderosa pine. Fire suppression for nearly a century,
livestock grazing, and logging of the largest trees has resulted in forests characterized by...
Monophyly of the gomphoid-phalloid clade was confirmed based on multigene phylogenetic analyses. Four major subclades (Hysterangiales, Geastrales, Gomphales and Phallales) were also demonstrated to be monophyletic. The interrelationships among the subclades were, however, not resolved, and alternative topologies could not be rejected statistically. Nonetheless, most analyses showed that the Hysterangiales...