First, topological vector spaces are examined from a partial
order structure derived from neighborhood bases of the origin. This
structure is used to produce a minimal vector norm for every
Hausdorff locally convex space.
Then, topological vector spaces are examined to find translation
invariant measures with respect to which functions...
Motion planning is a cornerstone of autonomous robots, enabling robots to safely and efficiently perform tasks such as package delivery, infrastructure inspection, and manipulation. However, as the field of robotics matures, robotic systems are being developed that (1) are challenging to analytically model, (2) require computationally expensive model-based controllers, and...
Many nations that invest in aquaculture and fisheries for improved nutrition and food security are located in areas prone to natural disasters, such as typhoons. While all residents are vulnerable to the effects of disasters, research suggests that women are disproportionately affected at all stages of disaster management: preparedness, response,...
As a major biological model for biomedical research, maintaining healthy
zebrafish (Danio rerio) is imperative for accurate and consistent lab results. This
retrospective study focuses on Pseudoloma neurophilia, a microsporidium, because it is
the most common pathogen found in laboratory zebrafish. An online database maintained
by the Zebrafish International Resource...
The Cantor set is a compact, totally disconnected, perfect
subset of the real line. In this paper it is shown that two non-empty,
compact, totally disconnected, perfect metric spaces are homeomorphic.
Furthermore, a subset of the real line is homeomorphic
to the Cantor set if and only if it is...
The new CMOS folded source-coupled logic (FSCL)
technique intended for mixed-mode integrated circuits has
been designed. It has advantages over conventional CMOS
circuit in terms of reduced current spike, circuit delay,
logic flexibility, and layout density. A simple CPU
implemented in 2 μm CMOS technology with a 5.0 volt supply...
Aging is known to be affected by many factors such as nutrition and exercise, and more studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of aging. Aging in flies shows many similarities with humans; therefore we study mechanisms of aging in flies as a model organism. Studying aging in flies requires...
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increasing population of the elderly within the US. This has created a need to better understand the
Aging is known to be affected by many factors such as nutrition and exercise, and more studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of aging. Aging in flies shows many similarities with humans; therefore we study mechanisms of aging in flies as a model organism. Studying aging in flies requires...
Full Text:
increasing population of the elderly within the US. This
has created a need to better understand the
Aging is known to be affected by many factors such as nutrition and exercise, and more studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of aging. Aging in flies shows many similarities with humans; therefore we study mechanisms of aging in flies as a model organism. Studying aging in flies requires...
Adequate energy stores are essential for survival, and sophisticated neuroendocrine mechanisms evolved to stimulate foraging in response to nutrient deprivation. Food search behavior is usually investigated in young animals, and it is not known how aging alters this behavior. To address this question in Drosophila melanogaster, we compared the ability...
There is increasing evidence that aging is affected by biological (circadian) clocks – the internal mechanisms that coordinate daily changes in gene expression, physiological functions and behavior with external day/night cycles. Recent data suggest that disruption of the mammalian circadian clock results in accelerated aging and increased age‐related pathologies such...
Billions of pounds of bisphenol A (BPA) are produced annually around the globe for the manufacture of numerous consumer products, including polycarbonate food and water containers, the protective resin linings of food cans, thermal printing paper, and dental fillings. BPA exposure during nervous system development has been associated with learning...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by severe cognitive deterioration. While causes of AD pathology are debated, a large body of evidence suggests that increased cleavage of Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) producing the neurotoxic Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide plays a fundamental role in AD pathogenesis. One of the detrimental...
Circadian clocks generate rhythms in molecular, cellular, physiological, and behavioral processes. Recent studies suggest that disruption of the clock mechanism accelerates organismal senescence and age-related pathologies in mammals. Impaired circadian rhythms are observed in many neurological diseases; however, it is not clear whether loss of rhythms is the cause or...
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
Circadian clocks generate daily rhythms in neuronal, physiological, and metabolic functions. Previous studies in mammals reported daily fluctuations in levels of the major endogenous antioxidant, glutathione (GSH), but the molecular mechanisms that govern such fluctuations remained unknown. To address this question, we used the model species Drosophila, which has a...
Background: High birthweight is an established risk factor for childhood leukaemia.
Its association with other childhood cancers is less clear, with studies hampered by low
case numbers. Methods: We used two large independent datasets to explore risk associations between
birthweight and all subtypes of childhood cancer. Data for 16 554...
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*† Michael FG Murphy,2,4† Kathryn J Bunch,3,4
Susan E Puumala,5 Susan E Carozza,6 Eric J Chow,7 Beth A
Background: High birthweight is an established risk factor for childhood leukaemia.
Its association with other childhood cancers is less clear, with studies hampered by low
case numbers. Methods: We used two large independent datasets to explore risk associations between
birthweight and all subtypes of childhood cancer. Data for 16 554...
Background: High birthweight is an established risk factor for childhood leukaemia.
Its association with other childhood cancers is less clear, with studies hampered by low
case numbers. Methods: We used two large independent datasets to explore risk associations between
birthweight and all subtypes of childhood cancer. Data for 16 554...
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category (kg)
b
Cancer Dataset
a Cases Controls 0.50-1.99 2.00-2.49 2.50-2.99 3.00-3.49 3.50-3.99
Background: High birthweight is an established risk factor for childhood leukaemia.
Its association with other childhood cancers is less clear, with studies hampered by low
case numbers. Methods: We used two large independent datasets to explore risk associations between
birthweight and all subtypes of childhood cancer. Data for 16 554...
Full Text:
.
a Data was adjusted for sex, period and region of birth. USA data was further adjusted for
Background: High birthweight is an established risk factor for childhood leukaemia. Its association with other childhood cancers is less clear, with studies hampered by low case numbers. Methods: We used two large independent datasets to explore risk associations between birthweight and all subtypes of childhood cancer. Data for 16 554...
Edible tree nut and peanut industries are important agricultural
industries in the United States. Major tree nuts produced
domestically are almonds, filberts, pecans,and walnuts. The United
States imports and exports some quantities of these tree nuts and
peanuts, but at the same time the U.S. imports cashew, brazil,
pignolia, and...
Observations of CO2 were made in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere in the deep tropics in order to determine the patterns of large-scale vertical transport and age of air in the Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL). Flights aboard the NASA WB-57F aircraft over Central America and adjacent ocean areas took...
Mixia osmundae (Basidiomycota, Pucciniomycotina) represents a monotypic class containing
an unusual fern pathogen with incompletely understood biology. We sequenced and analyzed
the genome of M. osmundae, focusing on genes that may provide some insight into its
mode of pathogenicity and reproductive biology.
Mixia osmundae has the smallest plant pathogenic basidiomycete...
With Alzheimer’s disease being the most prominent form of dementia, finding potential treatments for the disease is imperative. This study explored the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen as a potential treatment to normalize the hyperactive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) within the 5xFAD mice early in the disease pathology before cognitive decline. Female...
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
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Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
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)
“Control” is amount of metabolite in
complete incubation without GSH.
A significant reduction of
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
Full Text:
Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase S-Oxygenation of a Series
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) is active towards many drugs with a heteroatom having the properties of a soft nucleophile. Thiocarbamides and thiones are S-oxygenated to the sulfenic acid which can either react with glutathione and initiate a redox-cycle or be oxygenated a second time to the unstable sulfinic acid. In...
The Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) for
Solid-State Lighting Science (SSLS) is one of 46 EFRCs initiated in
2009 to conduct basic and use-inspired research relevant to energy
technologies. The overarching theme of the SSLS EFRC is the
exploration of energy conversion in tailored photonic structures. In
this article we...
This study investigates a possible structural break in the relationship between the price of Norwegian salmon
exported to the EU and prices of Chilean salmon exported to the US. A structural break is expected in the spring/summer
1997 because restrictions on price and quantum on Norwegian salmon was introduced at...
Background:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major public health burden in western societies. The progressive form of NAFLD, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is characterized by hepatosteatosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and hepatic damage that can progress to fibrosis and cirrhosis; risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma. Given the scope of NASH,...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease of multi-complications
affecting more than 20 million US adults. Hyperglycemia is the classic clinical feature of diabetes, and uncontrolled hyperglycemia leads to deadly health complications. Thus, control of blood glucose represents a major goal for diabetics. Human and rodent studies revealed another...