All-digital PLLs promise flexible and precise frequency modulation continous-wave(FMCW) radar signal signal for 77GHz radar applications. Such PLLs require digitally-controlled oscillators(DCO) with wide frequency tuning range and high resolution to address a range of applications and low phase noise requirements. In this thesis, novel resonator structures with ne capacitance/inductance switching...
Many Gram-negative bacteria use a type III secretion system (T3SS) to establish associations with their hosts. The T3SS is a conduit for direct injection of type-III effector proteins into host cells, where they manipulate the host for the benefit of the infecting bacterium. For plant-associated pathogens, the variations in number...
In recent years, the research community's interest in fully integrated mm-Wave wireless communication systems has increased significantly. With the standards for 5G NR now in place, the focus has shifted to actual deployment. Mm-Wave systems provide wider bandwidths, higher capacity, and lower latency than existing systems such as 4G. Higher...
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have recently come under intense investigation as building blocks for van der Waals heterostructure electronics. One of the most promising TMDs is MoS₂, which transitions from an indirect bandgap (1.3 eV) in its bulk state to a direct band gap (1.8 eV) in its single...
Low temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of monolayer to few layer MoS₂ uniformly across 150mm diameter SiO₂/Si and quartz substrates is demonstrated. Purge separated cycles of MoCl5 and H₂S precursors are used at reactor temperatures of up to 475 °C. Raman scattering studies show clearly the in-plane (E¹₂g) and out-of-plane...
Questions: Mountain systems have high abiotic heterogeneity over local spatial scales, offering natural experiments for examining plant species invasions. We ask whether functional groupings explain non-native species spread into native vegetation and up elevation gradients.We examine whether non-native species distribution patterns are related to environmental variables after controlling for elevation...
Global environmental change is causing local extinctions of species. When species depend on one another, as in the mutualistic relationship between plants and pollinators, loss of one interaction partner may cause cascading effects within the community – such as additional extinctions and reduced pollination services. Network theory provides a way...
This dataset includes species richness of native plants, pollinators and birds as well as 13 proxies for ecosystem services representing timber production, culturally-valued plants and animals, and regulating services tied to forest productivity. The data were collected from an experiment conducted in the Oregon Coast Range USA that sought to...
Precipitation is one of the most important components contributing to hydrological dynamics. Spatially distributed precipitation data can be obtained by satellite, radar, rain gages, etc, to serve various purposes. Currently, the most commonly used precipitation data still rely on gage-based measurement techniques that provide timely precipitation information with high quality...
