Glasshouse and growth-chamber experiments were conducted to evaluate
primisulfuron phytotoxicity and the influence of adjuvants on downy brome and Kentucky bluegrass. GR₅₀ (50% growth reduction) values were 0.97 ± 0.57 and 8.07 ± 1.85 g/ha for downy brome and Kentucky bluegrass, respectively. Primisulfuron was applied to downy brome and Kentucky...
Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) infestations in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production regions of the central and western USA result in severe economic losses in the wheat market. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the vernalization requirements of winter wheat, spring wheat, jointed goatgrass, and wheat by...
This study evaluated the effects of tillage system, rotational tillage sequences, and winter seed burial depth on weed seedling recruitment in irrigated cropping systems. Notill (NT) planting of vegetable crops reduced emergence of hairy nightshade by 77 to 99% and Powell amaranth emergence from 50 to 87% compared to conventional...
This revision updates information on susceptibility of grapevines to several common herbicides used in agricultural production. Color photos illustrate injury symptoms. The publication provides practical measures that vineyard owners and their neighbors can take to reduce the risk of herbicide drift and injury to grapes.
There is growing concern among producers regarding the sustainability of current dryland winter wheat cropping practices. This study looks at the economic viability of three wheat rotations currently being studied at the Columbia Basin Research Center in Pendleton, Oregon, including W IF and two alternative rotations, W/B/F and C/W/F. The...
Pacific Northwest wheat growers soon will have an additional option for weed control, but the new tool differs greatly from those traditionally used in cereal production. Clearfield wheat has been selected that is tolerant to the herbicide imazamox. When integrated with traditional weed management tools, imazamox will control several weed...
During the past several years, grape acreages have increased significantly in Washington and Oregon (17 percent and 23 percent, respectively, from 1999 to 2002). Unfortunately, herbicide drift can pose a major threat to the growth
and success of commercial grape production adjacent to areas of small grain, hay, grass seed,...
The photolysis of the aqueous thymine system has been investigated
at 214 nm, 229 nm and 254 nm at room temperature. Products
of photolysis have been identified as hydrogen peroxide, 6-hydroxy-5-
hydroperoxy thymine and tentatively 5-hydroxy-6-hydroperoxy thymine.
These together with thymine loss, were determined quantitatively
under a variety of conditions....
The formation of cytosine hydroperoxide was detected in
aqueous cytosine solutions irradiated with Co-60 γ-rays at pH 2.
The nucleotide of cytosine, cytidylic acid, forms a hydroperoxide
which was detected in neutral solution. The stability of the hydroperoxides of cytosine, thymine, and their nucleotides was found to
be a function...