During the past 30 years, numerous studies have focused on the toxicities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Laboratory and field studies have helped elucidate the detrimental effects of these chemicals on growth, reproduction and immune response. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are in the priority list of chemicals to be studied by...
Woodturner, artist, and scientist, Claudia Andersen, describes various anatomical features of wood, from the differences between softwoods and hardwoods to the various types of spalting. Over the past year, they have learned and developed their skills in woodturning. In this project, they accompany one woodturned piece with a description of...
Mass Spectrometry has emerged as an analytical core technique in omics sciences, in particularly mass spectrometry has advanced the fields of proteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics in recent years. Mass spectrometric techniques have enabled the characterization and determination of abundance levels of a wide range of biomolecules at molecular and system-wide...
The Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors that plays a key role in the regulation of bile acids, lipid and glucose metabolisms. The regulative function of FXR is governed by conformational changes of the ligand binding domain (LBD) upon ligand binding....
The pathogen Vibrio cholerae uses cations as a primary currency of virulence
and environmental persistence, using gradients of those cations to move, acquire
nutrients, and control virulence gene expression. An understanding of the overlapping
roles of bioenergetics and chemotaxis in the virulence and environmental survival of
V. cholerae issues from...
Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance that favors the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) over an organism's antioxidant defense. ROS have the ability to damage, either directly or indirectly, biomolecules including DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Various pathological conditions and environmental and chronic diseases have been associated with...
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative, halophilic, human pathogenic bacterium ubiquitous in the marine environment. Like many Vibrio species, V. parahaemolyticus commonly associates with shellfish, particularly oysters. Ingestion of a raw or under cooked oysters contaminated with V. parahaemolyticus can cause gastroenteritis, which is typically self-limiting and rarely causes death. Globally,...
A Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) application for the coastal region of Kenya and Tanzania (0-10° S, 38.7-46.98° E) was developed with the aim of better resolving the circulation patterns in the coastal region that is poorly represented in global models. The model has a horizontal resolution of 4 km,...
Tropical coral reef ecosystems are very important from both the ecological and economical
points of view. However, they are also particularly fragile, and have been
declining in recent years in most regions of the world, since they are highly susceptible
to anthropogenic stressors operating at global scales (e.g., global warming...
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) continues to be one of the major public health problems in the United States and worldwide. Complicated by factors including gender, polymorphisms of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, immunologic factors, exposures to other substances/drugs, hepatic viral infections, nutritional deficiencies, and obesity, ALD is a complex disease that requires a...