The behavior of coniferous trees subjected to wind loading was investigated through a series of experiments and also through simulation modeling. Previous studies that measured the natural oscillation frequencies and damping ratios were reviewed and equations were developed for predicting the natural frequency of a tree from the ratio of...
The natural fall of trees in riparian areas is an important source of coarse woody debris for mountain streams, improving fish habitat and influencing stream morphology. Existing models consider the probability of coarse woody debris entering a stream channel based upon trees having a random direction of fall without consideration...
An apparatus was designed to permit freezing tests of
needles and other tissue parts from coniferous trees under
controlled rates of temperature change with time. The design
is based on the principle of a balanced system of refrigeration
demand and heat input to achieve a steady temperature state.
The apparatus...
Ten herbicides (atrazine, azafenidin, chlorsulfuron, clopyralid, hexazinone, imazapic, imazapyr, metsulfuron, pendimethalin, and sulfometuron) were evaluated for phytotoxicity in first-year seedlings of eight conifer species (Douglas-fir, grand fir, noble fir, redwood, Sitka spruce, western hemlock, western red cedar, and western white pine). Six of these herbicides (atrazine, clopyralid, hexazinone, imazapyr, metsulfuron,...
The influence of shading intensity on performance, chlorophyll fluorescence emissions, the slope of the fluorescence induction curve, chlorophyll contents, and stomatal conductance of four Pacific Northwest conifer species [ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.), Douglas-fir
(Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), western redcedar (Thujaplicata Donn.), and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.)] was...
This thesis consists of three parts: 1) a field case study involving tree growth, moisture stress, and foliar nitrogen response
to sheep-grazed pasture treatments; 2) a shadehouse (potted-plant) study of simulated grazing effects on tree growth and moisture use; and 3) a summary, synthesizing results of the field and shadehouse...
Renewable energy technology continues to grow in popularity as countries aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Land based and offshore wind turbines are one option for expanding renewable energy sources. However, as wind energy adoption increases, so does the need for enhanced monitoring of wind turbines’ potential effect on local...
Stepwise multiple regression techniques were used to statistically analyze the relationships between damage caused by the pine needle sheath miner Zellaria haimbachi (Busck); a needle miner, Oenerostoma etrobivorum (Zeller); sugar pine tortrix, Choriatoneura Zambertiana (Busck); and ambient and foliar concentrations of fluoride in lodgepole pine (Pinue contorta v. Zatifolia Engelm.)...
Weed control in Pacific Northwest forests has been criticized for its potential impact on biodiversity. Changes were evaluated in conifer growth, diversity of vegetation in situ and of recruiting plants through different regeneration mechanisms after applying temporally-varied weed control by herbicide treatments based on the critical period concept. Conifer size...