As CMOS processes size continues to shrink, a number of factors limit the ability of analog circuit performance to scale with the process. These issues include smaller transistor intrinsic gains and lower supply voltages. However, scaling continues to increase the speed and decrease the power of digital circuits. In this...
Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants have the potential to reduce the consumption of nonrenewable resources and greenhouse gas emissions in electricity production. In CSP systems, a field of heliostats focuses solar radiation on a central receiver, and energy is then transferred to a thermal power plant at high temperature. However,...
Thirty-one sweet corn cultivars were evaluated for resistance to natural infection by common smut. To determine if there is High Plains virus resistance in commercial processing sweet corn cultivars, trials were conducted at the Hermiston Agricultural Research & Extension Center, and in two commercial sweet corn production fields near Moses...
Acidified waters are impacting commercial oyster
production in the U.S. Pacific Northwest, and favorable
carbonate chemistry conditions are predicted to become
less frequent. Within 48 h of fertilization, unshelled Pacific
oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae precipitate roughly 90% of
their body weight as calcium carbonate. We measured stable
carbon isotopes in...
Ocean acidification results in co-varying inorganic carbon system variables. Of these, an explicit focus on pH and organismal acid-base regulation in has failed to distinguish the mechanism of failure in highly sensitive bivalve larvae. With unique chemical manipulations of seawater we show definitively that larval bivalve shell development and growth...
Ocean acidification (OA) is altering the chemistry of the world’s oceans at rates unparalleled in the past roughly 1 million years. Understanding the impacts of this rapid change in baseline carbonate chemistry on marine organisms needs a precise, mechanistic understanding of physiological responses to carbonate chemistry. Recent experimental work has...
Enterococci are among the leading pathogens isolated in hospital-acquired infections. Current antimicrobial options for vancomycin-
resistant enterococci (VRE) are limited. Prior data suggest that daptomycin at>6 mg/kg of body weight/day may be used
to treat enterococcal infections. We retrospectively evaluated the effectiveness and safety of high-dose daptomycin (HD-daptomycin)
therapy (>6...
The exchange of carbon dioxide is a key measure of ecosystem metabolism and a critical intersection
between the terrestrial biosphere and the Earth’s climate. Despite the general agreement that
the terrestrial ecosystems in North America provide a sizeable carbon sink, the size and distribution
of the sink remain uncertain. We...
The Paisley Caves in Oregon record the oldest directly dated human remains (DNA) in the Western Hemisphere. More than 100 high-precision radiocarbon dates show that deposits containing artifacts and coprolites ranging in age from 12,450 to 2295 ¹⁴C years ago are well stratified. Western Stemmed projectile points were recovered in...