We demonstrate a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate by integrating plasmonic-active SiO₂ nanotubes into Si₃N₄ gratings. First, the dielectric grating that is working under guided mode resonance (GMR) provides enhanced electric field for localized surface plasmon polaritons on the surface of metallic nanoparticles. Second, we use SiO₂ nanotubes with...
Western hemlock-Sitka spruce forests, where prior precommercial thinning has occurred, constitute one of the most productive
young-growth management types along the Pacific Coast from Oregon to southeast Alaska. These stands are ready for a first commercial thinning entry, however, the costs and benefits of such entries and resulting impacts at...
The spatial variability of turbulence and surface heat flux are examined for the case of small air-surface temperature difference and modest sea-surface temperature variability. As a result of nonlinearities in the bulk formula, the heterogeneity is predicted to shift the area-averaged heat flux toward more significant upward values compared to...
We show that the geometry of motions in atmospheric boundary-layer time series exhibits considerable independence from scale in spite of changing physics. The scale-independence of structure shapes is shown by using a simple technique to extract basic shapes from the time series for timescales between 3 s and 2 h....
Fisheries resources in Oregon have been the focus of a public policy and management controversy for the last several years. As changes in fisheries resources management and policy decisions continue to be occur, the two communities that are directly involved - the fishery management community and the fishing family business...
Stable boundary layer height h is determined from eddy correlation measurements of the vertical profiles of the buoyancy flux and turbulence energy from a tower over grassland in autumn, a tower over rangeland with variable snow cover during winter, and aircraft data in the stable marine boundary layer generated by...
