Crack bridging is an important source of crack propagation resistance in many materials and the bridging stress distribution as a function of crack opening displacement is widely believed to represent a true material property uninfluenced by sample geometry, loading conditions, and other extrinsic factors. Accordingly, accurate measurement of the bridging...
A growing number of scholars and policymakers are advocating for the integrated management of water, energy, and food production. The integrated water-energy-food (WEF) nexus approach suggests that systems able to capture and effectively deal with the interdependencies of such coupled systems are more likely to yield long-term sustainable outcomes. In...