Crystals of CdF₂:In and CdF₂:Ga reduced in a cadmium vapor exhibit unusual
metastable properties that can be explained by a "negative U" model. This work
uses NMR to investigate this model for CdF₂:Ga and CdF₂:Ga,Y and compare the
results to optical measurements. Temperature dependent relaxation measurements
were done on ¹¹³Cd...
Whey is co-product of cheese production and is produced at 9:1 whey to cheese ratio. Whey is broadly classified into two types, sweet and acid whey. Large cheese manufacturers have developed whey processing techniques to convert sweet whey into value added products such as protein powders and emulsifiers. Acid whey...
With the unique conceptual and mathematical backgrounds of every introductory physics student, there is no way to design a rigid curriculum that anticipates and meets every student’s needs. We can employ machine learning to explore the correlations that exist in the voluminous data from educational settings. That is, institutional, gradebook,...
Choices are often limited as the most popular alternatives reach capacity and sell out; thereafter, selection is over less preferred choices. In the context of nonmarket goods, willingness to pay (WTP) welfare measures provide an estimate of the value of characteristics – often calculated through the modeling of preferences using...
In container terminals, the efficiency of loading operations in a container yard highly
depends on the productivity of yard cranes. In loading operation, yard cranes have to
pick-up the containers which are stacked in the yard-bays to satisfy the work schedule
requirement of quay crane, the equipment for loading and...
Stacked sheets of polyethylene terephthalate andpolystyrene provide a means
for recovering projectiles travelling at hypervelocities. The transparency of these
multiple diaphragms is utilized so that light generated from hypervelocity impacts
can be studied.
A method for gathering visible as well as ultraviolet light from less
transparent polymer foams has been...
Inoculation trials were set up in fumigated nursery beds for red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) seedling production. Frankia inoculum was applied in eight treatments: control, nodule suspension, and three levels of cell suspension (strain ArI5) applied with and without a peat carrier. Seedlings were evaluated at midseason and lifting. The...
The semiconductor gallium arsenide (GaAs) has many potential
advantages over the more widely used semiconductor silicon (Si).
These include higher low field mobility, semi-insulating substrates,
a direct band-gap, and greater radiation hardness. All these
advantages offer distinct opportunities for implementation of new
circuit functions or extension of the operating conditions...