In broiler chickens, hepatic lipid metabolism plays a significant role in whole body and muscle fatty acid (FA) incorporation. Flax seed is a rich source of α-linolenic acid and can be used to increase n-3 FA in poultry meat. Previous studies have shown that flax seed in combination with carbohydrase...
Kappa-casein glycomacropeptide (CMP), a 64-amino-acid peptide, is released from kappa-casein after rennet treatment and is one of the major peptides in whey protein isolate (WPI). CMP has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. CMP has two major amino acid sequences with different modifications including glycosylation, phosphorylation and oxidation. However, no previous work...
This dissertation focused on data mining in food science research and on the technical functional properties of wheat straw-derived biorefinery-byproduct fiber preparations as related to potential applications as food ingredients. This first study evaluated the importance of electronic bibliographic database selection and multiple database usage during the information retrieval phase...
The reduction in mechanical load imparted on the body during spaceflight presents unique physiological challenges. One detrimental and seemingly unavoidable response to microgravity is rapid bone loss. This adaptation is hazardous not only to astronaut health, but to the success of long-duration exploration-class missions. Skeletal adaptation to spaceflight in astronauts...
Health benefits obtained from consumption of fruits and vegetables have the potential to improve the lifestyle of individuals. The walnut is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich whole food that is readily available in the U.S and has been shown to potentially reduce risk of Metabolic Syndrome. Furthermore, consumption of polyphenol...
Moderate wine consumption, particularly pigment-rich red wine, is thought by many to be beneficial for the cardiovascular system. Both ethanol and phytochemicals are thought to contribute to this cardioprotective property. Metabolic disturbances associated with overconsumption of food are related to the initiation and progression of many chronic diseases, and cardiovascular...
There is growing public concern about the high proportion of saturated fatty acids in milk fat; however, feed intake, energy partitioning toward milk synthesis, and milk fat concentrations can decrease when cows are fed high concentrations of unsaturated lipids. The objective of this study was to identify the optimal rate...
Understanding the mechanisms regulating mitochondrial respiratory function and adaptations to metabolic challenges, such as exercise and high dietary fat, is necessary to promote skeletal muscle health and attenuate metabolic disease. Autophagy is a constitutively active degradation pathway that promotes mitochondrial turnover and is suppressed by insulin and activated by exercise....
Three analytical methods for determination of aroma compounds in alcoholic beverages were developed and validated. These methods are sensitive and reliable that can be applied to analyze volatile phenols, stale aldehydes as well as some highly volatile aromas in alcoholic beverages. In the first study, an ethylene glycol (EG) polydimethylsiloxane...
Cognitive impairment, or cognitive decline, a noticeable and measurable decline in cognitive abilities (e.g. memory and learning) that exceeds those attributed to normal aging, represents an early symptom of neurodegeneration and increased risk for progression to more severe dementias, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). While the complex etiology of these...