The target strengths and swimbladder morphology of six snapper species were investigated using broadband sonar, x rays, and swimbladder casts. Backscatter data were obtained using a frequency-modulated sweep ~60–200 kHz! and a broadband, dolphinlike click ~peak frequency 120 kHz! from live fish, mounted and rotated around each of their three...
Laser-based spectroscopic techniques, such as cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), provide a new, cost effective and more widely available approach to measure the oxygen isotope ratio in water molecules, H₂¹⁸O/H₂¹⁶O (δ¹⁸O), and are used increasingly to measure δ¹⁸O in the world's oceans. Here, we present results from an interlaboratory comparison designed...
The loss of Arctic sea ice has emerged as a leading signal of global warming. This, together with acknowledged impacts on other components of the Earth system, has led to the term “the new Arctic.” Global coupled climate models predict that ice loss will continue through the twenty-first century, with...
The Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) for
Solid-State Lighting Science (SSLS) is one of 46 EFRCs initiated in
2009 to conduct basic and use-inspired research relevant to energy
technologies. The overarching theme of the SSLS EFRC is the
exploration of energy conversion in tailored photonic structures. In
this article we...