Every cell is faced continuously with the task of transducing a vast number of external signals into appropriate intracellular responses. In mammalian cells, membrane bound receptors modulate the production of secondary messenger molecules, such as cyclic AMP (cAMP). Cell signaling through second messengers relies on the diffusion of such second...
Diatoms are single celled algae that form cell walls made primarily of silicon
dioxide (SO₂). The metabolic machinery that gives diatoms the ability to biogenically
form highly ordered solid silica from soluble silicon extracted from their external
environment provides a unique platform to create novel nanostructured materials
inexpensively and with...
The relationship of temperature and salinity to protein synthesis
was determined for cells of Vibrio marinus, MP-1. Protein synthesis
was measured by the incorporation of radioactive proline into
hot trichloroacetic acid precipitable material. At all salinities protein
synthesis occurred at 15°C and 20°C but not at 25°C. The critical
temperature...
By salt depleting the animals or by injecting them with
aldosterone, I was able to increase the active transport of sodium
across the isolated skin. The potential difference was increased
by 37% and 43% respectively and the net sodium flux by 69% and
62%. Exposure of frogs to 50 mM...
This thesis details my investigation of some pharmaceuticals and natural products on the transport of drugs which are substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), such as cyclosporin A (CSA) and digoxin by using Caco-2 and MDCKII-MDR1 drug transport models. Three objectives were performed to address this goal. The first objective was to...
Aerobic organisms have evolved many sensory mechanisms that allow
response to oxidants in the environment. One area of interest is the relationship
between the activity of the tumor suppressor protein p53 and the redox state of
thioredoxin. Human p53 activity is severely compromised in budding yeast lacking
thioredoxin reductase. Evidence...
Elite milers, Sir Roger Bannister and Joseph Falcon, have stated that the
consumption of carbonated beverages hinders the performance of aerobic
events. Oxygen transport is purportedly impaired by the consumption of
carbonated beverages. The research on carbonated beverages has been
limited to the effects on the digestive system, gastric emptying,...
The first goal of this study was to understand the role of u-calpain in skeletal muscle protein degradation in cultured muscle cells. Several strategies were developed to down-regulate endogenous u-calpain activity and m-calpain activity in rat myotubes. These included over-expression of antisense u-calpain (AnsL), dominant negative u-calpain (DN-u-CL), antisense 30K...
This thesis describes in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a gastric retention formulation (GRF) developed at Oregon State University. The formulation was prepared from xanthan gum and locust bean gum as gelling agents and other formulation ingredients were added, then it was originally vacuum oven dried. The effect of...