Hearing loss is one of the most common defect, affecting 360 million people worldwide due to several factors including congenital, present at or soon after birth or acquired with age. Congenital hearing loss affects 32 million children in the world. The economic impact of hearing loss is estimated to cost...
Auditory defects and disorders are prevalent at all ages and affect 8% of the population in developed nations including newborns and children. Congenital hearing loss is the most common birth defect and it is estimated that 1 in 1000 children are affected by deafness at birth or before the onset...
The neuroendocrine system of the gut plays a significant role in regulating intestinal motor and sensory functions, as well as modulating inflammation in the intestine. The intestinal mucosa is the dominant site of serotonin (5HT) synthesis in mammals, with more than 95% of the intestinal 5HT being present in the...
Mastitis is a major endemic disease in dairy cows resulting in significant economic losses for the dairy industry. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor that is able to bind and be activated by natural (e.g., fatty acids) and synthetic (e.g. thiazolidinedione) compounds. PPARγ plays important roles...
Blastocystis spp. is a common intestinal parasite in humans and animals that has been associated with acute or chronic digestive disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome. Serotonin mediates intestinal motility, sensation, and secretory function in the normal intestinal tract. Serotonin (5-HT) signaling is decreased in animal models of colitis, as...
Raspberries have been popular since the time of the ancient Greeks. Red raspberries are cultivated throughout the world, particularly in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States and Canada. The raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) causes significant reduction in yield and crumbly fruit in raspberries, blackberries and raspberry-blackberry hybrids....