Differences in stain susceptibility were evaluated on sterile and unsterile samples of freshly sawn, frozen and thawed, or oven-dried and rewetted ponderosa pine sapwood. Samples treated with sterile medium or with medium inoculated with either Pseudomonas putida or Bacillus subtilis were inoculated with selected wood-staining fungi. In general, fresh unsterile...
Douglas-fir utility poles are routinely air seasoned before
treatment with chemical preservatives. Basidiomycetous fungi invade
these poles and may cause strength loss during air seasoning or later
if treatment temperatures are insufficient to kill the decay fungi.
The purpose of this study was to develop a rapid test to asses...
Impact bending and breaking radius were used to measure loss in toughness caused by basidiomycetes isolated from wood. Small test pieces were used to accelerate testing. Wide differences were found among, and sometimes within, the 26 species tested. Brown-rot fungi tended to cause greater losses than white-rot fungi, but no...
A small block test was used in assessing whether pelletized sodium n-methyldithiocarbamate (NaMDC) would decompose and produce methylisothiocyanate (MITC) and thereby eliminate Antrodia carbonica colonies from Douglas-fir heartwood. Also evaluated were the effects of wood moisture content, dosage, incubation period, pH level, and presence of copper sulfate on percentage of...
Mylone@ and tridipam are two solid chemicals that decompose to produce methylisothiocyanate (MIT), a highly effective wood fumigant. In this study, two techniques -- a rapid, test-tube method and small-scale, wood-block assay -- were used to determine the effect of the pH of various chemical buffers on the decomposition of...
Cooperative behaviors in bacteria are increasingly appreciated for their relevance to microbial ecology and utility as model systems for social evolution. One example is the secretion of siderophores, a structurally diverse group of compounds that chelate extracellular iron. Siderophore production is considered cooperative because the benefits can be shared with...
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Exposure from medical radiation sources are on the rise in the United States. Often the highest potential source of radiation dose to patients and radiology staff occur during interventional radiology procedures performed using fluoroscopy and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) to provide image guidance in minimally invasive surgical procedures. Several...
A new approach is described that offers a risk-informed performance-based (RIPB) framework for quantifying the risk associated with a cyber-attack on a nuclear power generating facility.
The first part of the method involves 1) the creation of a simplified 10 CFR 73.54 compliant cyber infrastructure, 2) modeling of design basis...
Prompt radiation accounts for 3% of the energy released in a nuclear blast. Simulating the prompt radiation will help identify the potential changes to the ambient temperature and pressure of air around the blast. The changes in ambient conditions may alter blast wave effects. The relationship between the energy deposition...
