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| Abstract |
- Knowledge of cloud and precipitation formation processes remains
incomplete, yet global precipitation is predominantly produced by
clouds containing the ice phase. Ice first forms in clouds warmer
than −36 °C on particles termed ice nuclei. We combine observations
from field studies over a 14-year period, from a variety of
locations around the globe, to show that the concentrations of
ice nuclei active in mixed-phase cloud conditions can be related
to temperature and the number concentrations of particles larger
than 0.5 μmin diameter. This new relationship reduces unexplained
variability in ice nuclei concentrations at a given temperature from
~10³ to less than a factor of 10, with the remaining variability
apparently due to variations in aerosol chemical composition or
other factors. When implemented in a global climate model, the
new parameterization strongly alters cloud liquid and ice water
distributions compared to the simple, temperature-only parameterizations
currently widely used. The revised treatment indicates a
global net cloud radiative forcing increase of ~1 Wm⁻² for each
order of magnitude increase in ice nuclei concentrations, demonstrating
the strong sensitivity of climate simulations to assumptions
regarding the initiation of cloud glaciation.
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| Citation |
- DeMott, P. J., Prenni, A. J., Liu, X., Kreidenweis, S. M., Petters, M. D., Twohy, C. H., et al. (2010, June 22). Predicting global atmospheric ice nuclei distributions and their impacts on climate [Electronic version]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107(25), 11217-11222. doi:10.1073/pnas.0910818107
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| Funding Statement (additional comments about funding) |
- P.J.D., A.J.P. and S.M.K.
acknowledge financial support for this work from the Office of Science
(BER), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Atmospheric System Research Grant
DE-FG02-09ER64772, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA) Modeling and Analysis Program (Grant NNG06GB60G), and the
National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant ATM-0611936. X.L. acknowledges
the support for modeling simulations from DOE-BER and the DOE
Climate Change Prediction Program (CCPP). The Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory is operated for the DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under
Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. Data used were collected under grants from
the NSF, the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere at
Colorado State University, DOE, and NASA. The Canadian Space Agency
provided funding of the C3VP.
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| Additional Information |
- description.provenance : Submitted by Deanne Bruner (deanne.bruner@oregonstate.edu) on 2012-01-24T18:38:33Z
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Previous issue date: 2010-06-22
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