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Metabolic balance of coastal Antarctic waters revealed by autonomous pCO₂ and ΔO₂/Ar measurements

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  • We use autonomous gas measurements to examine the metabolic balance (photosynthesis minus respiration) of coastal Antarctic waters during the spring/summer growth season. Our observations capture the development of a massive phytoplankton bloom and reveal striking variability in pCO₂ and biological oxygen saturation (ΔO₂/Ar) resulting from large shifts in community metabolism on time scales ranging from hours to weeks. Diel oscillations in surface gases are used to derive a high-resolution time series of net community production (NCP) that is consistent with ¹⁴C-based primary productivity estimates and with the observed seasonal evolution of phytoplankton biomass. A combination of physical mixing, grazing, and light availability appears to drive variability in coastal Antarctic NCP, leading to strong shifts between net autotrophy and heterotrophy on various time scales. Our approach provides insight into the metabolic responses of polar ocean ecosystems to environmental forcing and could be employed to autonomously detect climate-dependent changes in marine primary productivity.
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  • Tortell, P. D., Asher, E. C., Ducklow, H. W., Goldman, J. A. L., Dacey, J. W. H., Grzymski, J. J., Young, J. N., Kranz, S. A., Bernard, K. S., & Morel, F. M. M. (2014). Metabolic balance of coastal Antarctic waters revealed by autonomous pCO₂ and ΔO₂/Ar measurements. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(19), 6803–6810. doi:10.1002/2014GL061266
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  • 41
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  • 19
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  • This study was supported by funds from the U.S. National Science Foundation (OPP awards ANT-0823101, ANT-1043559, ANT-1043593, and ANT-1043532) as well as support for PDT and ECA from the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
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