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Characterizing perpendicular-to-grain compression (C-perpendicular to) behavior in wood construction

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Abstract
  • Current compression perpendicular-to-grain (C-perpendicular to) design values for wood members are based on mean stress obtained from ASTM D143 specimen. The standard ASTM test with metal on wood bearing has limited applicability in modern construction assemblies with C-perpendicular to loading scenarios. Previous work has shown that end-bearing conditions and wood-on-wood C-perpendicular to bearing is a more severe case as opposed to load applied over central area and metal-on-wood bearing. This study evaluated C-perpendicular to behavior of typical assemblies used in construction, in which members experience C-perpendicular to stresses near their longitudinal-end through wood-on-wood contact. These included assembly of the bottom chord of a truss bearing on the top plate of a wall (BC assembly) and assembly of the compression chord of a shear wall bearing on the bottom plate (BP assembly) of a wall. Three different BC assemblies were tested with varying aspect ratios (height/width) of the bottom chord (B.C.) member. For each test assembly, paired ASTM tests of the main member (bottom chord member in BC tests, and bottom plate member in BP tests) were conducted. The assembly stresses at 1 mm deflection were always lower than the corresponding ASTM stresses at the same deflection. Due to varying assembly depths, 1 mm deflection was a poor criterion for determining C-perpendicular to stress values. For B.C. members, when loaded tangentially, they buckle in the direction of annual ring curvature. High aspect ratios accentuate this effect. Expectedly, the tendency to buckle and the probability of total failure in the assembly increase with increasing aspect ratio. This behavior was not observed in the ASTM tests.
  • This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Walter de Gruyter & Co. and can be found at: http://www.degruyter.com/.
  • Keywords: Shear walls, Wood-on-wood bearing, Construction applications, Wood frame truss
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  • Basta, C., Gupta, R., Leichti, R., & Sinha, A. (2011). Characterizing perpendicular-to-grain compression (C-perpendicular to) behavior in wood construction. Holzforschung, 65(6), 845-853. doi: 10.1515/HF.2011.104
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  • 65
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  • 6
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