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Clarifying the Dominant Sources and Mechanisms of Cirrus Cloud Formation

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/5999n504c

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Abstract
  • Formation of cirrus clouds depends on the availability of ice nuclei to begin condensation of atmospheric water vapor. Although it is known that only a small fraction of atmospheric aerosols are efficient ice nuclei, the critical ingredients that make those aerosols so effective have not been established. We have determined in situ the composition of the residual particles within cirrus crystals after the ice was sublimated. Our results demonstrate that mineral dust and metallic particles are the dominant source of residual particles, whereas sulfate and organic particles are underrepresented, and elemental carbon and biological materials are essentially absent. Further, composition analysis combined with relative humidity measurements suggests that heterogeneous freezing was the dominant formation mechanism of these clouds.
  • Keywords: Lead, Dust, Mixed phase aerosols, Nuclei, Biological particles, Ice nucleation
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Citation
  • Cziczo, D. J., Froyd, K. D., Hoose, C., Jensen, E. J., Diao, M., Zondlo, M. A., . . . Murphy, D. M. (2013). Clarifying the dominant sources and mechanisms of cirrus cloud formation. Science (New York, N.Y.), 340(6138), 1320-1324. doi:10.1126/science.1234145
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Journal Volume
  • 340
Journal Issue/Number
  • 6138
权利声明
Funding Statement (additional comments about funding)
  • M.A.Z. acknowledges support from NSF AGS-0840732 and AGS-1036275, M.D. acknowledges a NASA Earth and Space Science Graduate Fellowship, and C.H.T. acknowledges support from the NASA Radiation Sciences Program award numbers NNX07AL11G and NNX08AH57G. This research was supported by the NASA Earth Science Division Atmospheric Composition program award number NNH11AQ58UI.
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