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δ¹³C record of Upper North Atlantic Deep Water during the past 2.6 million years

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  • Benthic foraminiferal δ¹³C data from site 502 in the Caribbean Sea (sill depth 1800 m) indicate that throughout the past 2.6 m.y., glacial δ¹³C values in the middepth Atlantic were higher during glaciations than interglaciations. This is interpreted as indicating a greater proportion of Upper North Atlantic Deep Water (UNADW) relative to southern source waters during glaciations. The contribution of UNADW during interglaciations to the middepth Atlantic remained approximately constant, and the contribution during glaciations may have been as much as 10 % higher in the late Pleistocene than in the late Pliocene. This small increase is in striking contrast to the much larger decrease in glacial Lower North Atlantic Deep Water (LNADW) contribution relative to southern sources, from about 80% to about 20%, that occurred over the past 2.6 m.y. Glacial intensification over the past 2.6 m.y. was probably coupled with a decrease in northward heat transport by the upper limb of the North Atlantic circulation cell, as was previously suggested on the basis of a LNADW record alone. Late Pleistocene (1 Ma-present) δ¹³C values in the Caribbean Sea were approximately 0.2‰ higher than they were from 2.6 to 2.0 Ma. The δ¹³C rise is not due to an increase in the mean ocean δ¹³C value, nor can it be entirely attributed to an increase in the proportion of high-δ¹³C source waters. An increase in the δ¹³C value of the surface source waters must have contributed to the δ¹³C rise.
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  • D. W. Oppo, M. E. Raymo, G. P. Lohmann, A. C. Mix, and J. D. Wright. "δ¹³C record of Upper North Atlantic Deep Water during the past 2.6 million years." Paleoceanography 10.3 (1995): 373-394.
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  • 10
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  • 3
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