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Atmospheric CO₂ over the last 1000 years: A high-resolution record from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide ice core

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  • We report a decadally resolved record of atmospheric CO₂ concentration for the last 1000 years, obtained from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide shallow ice core. The most prominent feature of the pre-industrial period is a rapid ∼7 ppm decrease of CO₂ in a span of ∼20–50 years at ∼1600 A.D. This observation confirms the timing of an abrupt atmospheric CO₂ decrease of ∼10 ppm observed for that time period in the Law Dome ice core CO₂ records, but the true magnitude of the decrease remains unclear. Atmospheric CO₂ variations over the time period 1000–1800 A.D. are statistically correlated with northern hemispheric climate and tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature. However, the exact relationship between CO₂ and climate remains elusive due to regional climate variations and/or uneven geographical data density of paleoclimate records. We observe small differences of 0 ∼ 2% (0 ∼ 6 ppm) among the high-precision CO₂ records from the Law Dome, EPICA Dronning Maud Land and WAIS Divide Antarctic ice cores. However, those records share common trends of CO₂ change on centennial to multicentennial time scales, and clearly show that atmospheric CO₂ has been increasing above preindustrial levels since ∼1850 A.D.
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  • Ahn, J., E. J. Brook, L. Mitchell, J. Rosen, J. R. McConnell, K. Taylor, D. Etheridge, and M. Rubino (2012), Atmospheric CO₂ over the last 1000 years: A high-resolution record from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide ice core, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 26, GB2027, doi:10.1029/2011GB004247.
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  • 26
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  • 2
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  • Financial support was provided by National Science Foundation grant OPP-0739766 and the Gary Comer Science and Education Foundation to EJB, and grants OPP 0538427 and OPP 0739780 to the Desert Research Institute. This work was also partly supported by KOPRI (Korea Polar Research Institution) research grant PE 11090, and Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2011-0025242).
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