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Spectral backscattering properties of marine phytoplankton cultures

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/9306t413c

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  • The backscattering properties of marine phytoplankton, which are assumed to vary widely with differences in size, shape, morphology and internal structure, have been directly measured in the laboratory on a very limited basis. This work presents results from laboratory analysis of the backscattering properties of thirteen phytoplankton species from five major taxa. Optical measurements include portions of the volume scattering function (VSF) and the absorption and attenuation coefficients at nine wavelengths. The VSF was used to obtain the backscattering coefficient for each species, and we focus on intra- and interspecific variability in spectral backscattering in this work. Ancillary measurements included chlorophyll-a concentration, cell concentration, and cell size, shape and morphology via microscopy for each culture. We found that the spectral backscattering properties of phytoplankton deviate from theory at wavelengths where pigment absorption is significant. We were unable to detect an effect of cell size on the spectral shape of backscattering, but we did find a relationship between cell size and both the backscattering ratio and backscattering cross-section. While particulate backscattering at 555 nm was well correlated to chlorophyll-a concentration for any given species, the relationship was highly variable between species. Results from this work indicate that phytoplankton cells may backscatter light at significantly higher efficiencies than what is predicted by Mie theory, which has important implications for closing the underwater and remotely sensed light budget.
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  • Amanda L. Whitmire, W. Scott Pegau, Lee Karp-Boss, Emmanuel Boss, and Timothy J. Cowles, "Spectral backscattering properties of marine phytoplankton cultures," Optics Express 18, 15073-15093 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.015073
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  • 18
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  • 14
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  • This work was funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) grant NAG5-12393 to L.K.-B. Funding support for A. Whitmire was provided by the American Society for Engineering Education, National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship Program during the data collection and analysis phase of this work, and by the Agouron Institute (Grant AI-MME1.05) during the publication phase. E.B.’s work on IOPs has been supported by the Environmental Optics program of ONR.
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