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- Population growth is affected by several factors such as climate, species interaction
and harvesting pressure. However, additional complexity can arise if fishing increases the sensitivity
to environmental variability. To predict the effects of fisheries and climate on marine populations,
there is a need for improved understanding of how they affect key ecological processes
such as population growth. In this study, we used a comparative approach investigating commercially
fished species across different ecosystems: the Norwegian Sea−Barents Sea (Northeast Arctic
cod), the North Sea (North Sea cod), the Atlantic Ocean (European hake), the Mediterranean
Sea (European hake), and the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea (walleye pollock). Our objective was
to compare the effects of commercial fisheries, age structure and environmental variability on
population growth rate. We show that although all stocks experienced a decline in abundance,
only 3 of them showed a concomitant decreasing trend in generation time (South Atlantic hake,
North Atlantic hake and Northeast Arctic cod), suggesting a fishing-induced erosion in their age
structure. Intra-specific analysis shows that changes in generation time triggered an increase in
the relative contribution of recruitment to population growth. Furthermore, the contribution from
recruitment to population growth changes due to large-scale climate indices or regional-scale
environmental covariates, such as sea temperature. This study illustrates how and where the interaction
between large-scale ecological patterns and regional/short-scale processes are important
for designing management regulations.
- This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Inter-Research and can be found at: http://www.int-res.com/home/.
- Keywords: Bering Sea, European hake, Leslie matrix, Pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, Barents Sea, Merluccius merluccius, Gadus morhua, Mediterranean Sea, Fisheries, Cod
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- Durant, J., Hidalgo, M., Rouyer, T., Hjermann, D., Ciannelli, L., Eikeset, A., . . . Stenseth, N. (2013). Population growth across heterogeneous environments: Effects of harvesting and age structure. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 480, 277-277. doi:10.3354/meps10308 http://www.int-res.com/articles/theme/m480_ThemeSection.pdf#page=79
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Funding Statement (additional comments about funding) |
- We thank The Research Council of Norway (RCN) for funding the workshop Tropharct through the MICO project (grant no. 186310, Match/Mismatch and Ecosystem). This work is associated with the IMBER regional program, Ecosystem Studies of Sub-Arctic Seas (ESSAS). We are greatly in debt to all the people who collected the data used in the study and made them available to us. J.M.D., A.M.E. and D.Ø.H. acknowledge the support from the RCN through the ADMAR project (grant no. 200497/130). M.H. received support from Marie Curie Intra- European fellowship (IEF, FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008; project No 236549). L.C. acknowledges the support from the National Science Foundation – Research Coordination Network grant no. 1140207.
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