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A Uniform Residence Time Flow Cell for the Microreactor-Assisted Solution Deposition of CdS on an FTO-Glass Substrate

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/9z9030494

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  • Photovoltaic cells have long been a desirable alternative to the consumption of fossil fuels, but current manufacturing practices suffer from poor energy efficiency, large carbon footprints, low material utilization, and high processing temperatures. A critical step in production of thin film CdTe and CuInSe₂ solar cells is the chemical bath deposition of a CdS thin film to serve as a “buffer layer” between the optically absorbent layer and the transparent conducting oxide. In prior work, functional CdS films were demonstrated at low temperature using a continuous flow, microreactor-assisted deposition process showing good selectivity of heterogeneous surface reactions over homogeneous bulk precipitation. In this paper, we develop a flow cell for implementing a uniform CdS film over a 152 mm substrate. Analytical models are coupled with computational fluid dynamic simulations to design a flow cell with more uniform flow fields. Experimental results demonstrate a 12% coefficient of variance for a 21.5 nm thick film.
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  • Paul, B. K., Hires, C. L., Su, Y-W., Chang, C-H., Ramprasad, S., & Palo, D. (2012, November). A Uniform Residence Time Flow Cell for the Microreactor-Assisted Solution Deposition of CdS on an FTO-Glass Substrate. Crystal Growth & Design, 12(11), 5320-5328. doi:10.1021/cg300923c
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  • 12
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  • 11
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  • The work described herein was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Industrial Technologies Program, through award no. NT08847, under contract DE-AC-05-RL01830. Additional funds were received from the Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute (ONAMI) under a matching grant to Oregon State University. The authors would like to acknowledge the support of instrumentation equipment within the Microproducts Breakthrough Institute, Corvallis, OR by the Murdock Charitable Trust (2010004).
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