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The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology - Part 2: Annual-layer counting (0-31 ka BP)

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  • We present the WD2014 chronology for the upper part (0–2850 m; 31.2 ka BP) of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide (WD) ice core. The chronology is based on counting of annual layers observed in the chemical, dust and electrical conductivity records. These layers are caused by seasonal changes in the source, transport, and deposition of aerosols. The measurements were interpreted manually and with the aid of two automated methods. We validated the chronology by comparing to two high-accuracy, absolutely dated chronologies. For the Holocene, the cosmogenic isotope records of ¹⁰Be from WAIS Divide and ¹⁴C for IntCal13 demonstrated that WD2014 was consistently accurate to better than 0.5% of the age. For the glacial period, comparisons to the Hulu Cave chronology demonstrated that WD2014 had an accuracy of better than 1% of the age at three abrupt climate change events between 27 and 31 ka. WD2014 has consistently younger ages than Greenland ice core chronologies during most of the Holocene. For the Younger Dryas–Preboreal transition (11.595 ka; 24 years younger) and the Bølling–Allerød Warming (14.621 ka; 7 years younger), WD2014 ages are within the combined uncertainties of the timescales. Given its high accuracy, WD2014 can become a reference chronology for the Southern Hemisphere, with synchronization to other chronologies feasible using high-quality proxies of volcanism, solar activity, atmospheric mineral dust, and atmospheric methane concentrations.
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  • Sigl, M., Fudge, T. J., Winstrup, M., Cole-Dai, J., Ferris, D., McConnell, J. R., ... & Sower, T. A. (2016). The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology-Part 2: Annual-layer counting (0-31 ka BP). Climate of the Past, 12(3), 769-786. doi:10.5194/cp-12-769-2016
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  • 12
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  • 3
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  • This work is funded through the US National Science Foundation grants 0839066 (to J. Cole-Dai), 1204172, 1142041, 1043518 (to E. J. Brook), 1142069, 1142115 (to N. W. Dunbar), 0839093, 1142166 (to J. R. McConnell), 1043500, 0944584 (to T. A. Sowers), 0230149, 0230396, 0440817, 0440819, 0944191, 0944348 (to K. C. Taylor), 0839042 (M. W. Caffee and T. E. Woodruff) 0839137 (to K. C. Welten) and 0944197 (supporting T. J. Fudge); the NOAA Climate and Global Change Fellowship Program, administered by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (to C. Buizert); and the Villum Foundation (to M. Winstrup). R. Muscheler and F. Adolphi are supported by the Swedish Research Council (Grant No: 2013-8421); a NASA National Earth and Space Science Fellowship also supported T. J. Fudge. The National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs also funded the WAIS Divide Science Coordination Office at the Desert Research Institute of Nevada and University of New Hampshire for the collection and distribution of the WAIS Divide ice core and related tasks; the Ice Drilling Program Office and Ice Drilling Design and Operations group for coring activities; the National Ice Core Laboratory for curation of the core; Raytheon Polar Services for logistics support in Antarctica; and the 109th New York Air National Guard for airlift in Antarctica.
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file details SiglWAISDivideDeepIce.pdf 10/16/2017 Pubblico
file details SiglWAISDivideDeepIceSupplement.pdf 10/16/2017 Pubblico