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| Abstract |
- The Lena River in central Siberia is one of the
major pathways translocating terrestrial organic matter (OM)
from its vast catchment area to the coastal zone of the Laptev
Sea and the Arctic Ocean. The permafrost soils of its far
south-stretching catchment, which store huge amounts of
OM, will most likely respond differently to climate warming
and remobilize previously frozen OM with distinct properties
specific for the source vegetation and soil. To characterize
the material discharged by the Lena River, we analyzed
the lignin phenol composition in total suspended matter
(TSM) from surface water collected in spring and summer,
surface sediments from Buor Khaya Bay along with
soils from the Lena Delta’s first (Holocene) and third terraces
(Pleistocene ice complex), and plant samples. Our results
show that lignin-derived cinnamyl : vanillyl (C / V) and
syringyl : vanillyl (S / V) ratios are > 0.14 and 0.25, respectively,
in TSM and surface sediments, whereas in delta soils
they are > 0.16 and > 0.51, respectively. These lignin compositions
are consistent with significant inputs of organic matter
from non-woody angiosperm sources mixed with organic
matter derived from woody gymnosperm sources. We applied
a simple linear mixing model based on the C / V and
S / V ratios, and the results indicate the organic matter in
delta TSM samples and Buor Khaya Bay surface sediments
contain comparable contributions from gymnosperm material,
which is primarily derived from the taiga forests south
of the delta, and angiosperm material typical for tundra vegetation.
Considering the small catchment area covered by tundra
(~12 %), the input is substantial and tundra-derived OM
input is likely to increase in a warming Arctic. The similar
and high acid to aldehyde ratios of vanillyl and syringyl
(Ad / Al[subscript V, S]) in Lena Delta summer TSM (> 0.7 and > 0.5,
respectively) and Buor Khaya Bay surface sediments (> 1.0
and > 0.9, respectively) suggest that the OM is highly degraded
and Lena River summer TSM could be a possible
source of the surface sediments. The Ad / Al[subscript V, S] ratios of the
first and third delta terraces were generally lower (mean ratios
> 0.4 and > 0.4, respectively) than summer TSM and surface
sediments. This implies that TSM contains additional
contributions from a more degraded OM source (southern
catchment and/or finer more degraded particle size). Alternatively,
OM degradation on land after permafrost thawing
and subaqueously during transport and sedimentation could
be considerable. Despite the high natural heterogeneity of
OM stored in delta soils and exported by the Lena River, the
catchment-characteristic vegetation is reflected by the lignin
biomarker composition. Climate-warming-related changes in
the Lena River catchment may be detectable in changing
lignin biomarker composition and diagenetic alteration.
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| Citation |
- Winterfeld, M., Goñi, M. A., Just, J., Hefter, J., & Mollenhauer, G. (2015). Characterization of particulate organic matter in the Lena River delta and adjacent nearshore zone, NE Siberia–Part 2: Lignin-derived phenol compositions. Biogeosciences, 12(7), 2261-2283. doi:10.5194/bg-12-2261-2015
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| Rights Statement |
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| Funding Statement (additional comments about funding) |
- The Helmholtz Young Investigators program of the Helmholtz Society (GM), the Alfred Wegener Institute, and a fellowship from the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) to M. Winterfeld supported this study.
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| Additional Information |
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Previous issue date: 2015-04-15
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