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Empirical algorithms to estimate water column pH in the Southern Ocean

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Abstract
  • Empirical algorithms are developed using high-quality GO-SHIP hydrographic measurements of commonly measured parameters (temperature, salinity, pressure, nitrate, and oxygen) that estimate pH in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. The coefficients of determination, R² , are 0.98 for pH from nitrate (pH^N) and 0.97 for pH from oxygen (pH^Ox) with RMS errors of 0.010 and 0.008, respectively. These algorithms are applied to Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling (SOCCOM) biogeochemical profiling floats, which include novel sensors (pH, nitrate, oxygen, fluorescence, and backscatter). These algorithms are used to estimate pH on floats with no pH sensors and to validate and adjust pH sensor data from floats with pH sensors. The adjusted float data provide, for the first time, seasonal cycles in surface pH on weekly resolution that range from 0.05 to 0.08 on weekly resolution for the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean.
  • This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article is copyrighted by the American Geophysical Union and published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. It can be found at: http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/ The measurement methods, calibration, and quality control for all discrete bottle data used in this study are available at http://cchdo.ucsd.edu, and all SOCCOM float data are available at http://soccom.princeton.edu/soccomviz.php.
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  • Williams, N. L., Juranek, L. W., Johnson, K. S., Feely, R. A., Riser, S. C., Talley, L. D., ... & Wanninkhof, R. (2016). Empirical algorithms to estimate water column pH in the Southern Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(7), 3415-3422. doi:10.1002/2016GL068539
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  • 43
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  • 7
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  • This work was sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation's Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling (SOCCOM) Project under the NSF Award PLR-1425989. Logistical support for this project in Antarctic waters was provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation through the U.S. Antarctic Program. Additionally, we acknowledge support from U.S. Argo through NOAA/JISAO grant NA17RJ1232 to the University of Washington. Nancy Williams is also supported by the ARCS Foundation Portland Chapter. This is PMEL contribution 4417.
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file details WilliamsEmpiricalAlgorithmstoEstimate.pdf 07/26/2017 Público
file details WilliamsEmpiricalAlgorithmstoEstimateSupportingInfo.pdf 07/26/2017 Público