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Bacterial dominance in subseafloor sediments characterized by methane hydrates

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/tm70mw85k

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  • The degradation of organic carbon in subseafloor sediments on continental margins contributes to the largest reservoir of methane on Earth. Sediments in the Andaman Sea are composed of ~ 1% marine-derived organic carbon and biogenic methane is present. Our objective was to determine microbial abundance and diversity in sediments that transition the gas hydrate occurrence zone (GHOZ) in the Andaman Sea. Microscopic cell enumeration revealed that most sediment layers harbored relatively low microbial abundance (10³–10⁵ cells cm⁻³). Archaea were never detected despite the use of both DNA- and lipid-based methods. Statistical analysis of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms revealed distinct microbial communities from above, within, and below the GHOZ, and GHOZ samples were correlated with a decrease in organic carbon. Primer-tagged pyrosequences of bacterial 16S rRNA genes showed that members of the phylum Firmicutes are predominant in all zones. Compared with other seafloor settings that contain biogenic methane, this deep subseafloor habitat has a unique microbial community and the low cell abundance detected can help to refine global subseafloor microbial abundance.
  • Keywords: Andaman Sea, molecular sequence data, geologic sediments/chemistry/microbiology, pyrosequencing, lipids
  • Keywords: Andaman Sea, molecular sequence data, geologic sediments/chemistry/microbiology, pyrosequencing, lipids
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  • Briggs, B. R., Inagaki, F., Morono, Y., Futagami, T., Huguet, C., Rosell‐Mele, A., . . . . (2012). Bacterial dominance in subseafloor sediments characterized by methane hydrates. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 81(1), 88-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01311.x
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  • 81
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  • 1
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  • This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, and a National Science Foundation – Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, East Asia Pacific Summer Institute (EASPI) fellowship. Support for lipid analyses was provided to C.H. with a Juan de la Cierva grant from the MICINN, a fellowship to A.R.M. from the European Commission (Marie Curie-IOF), and the analytical assistance of Nuria Moraleda. Pyrosequencing for this research was conducted as a part of the Census of Deep Life sponsored by the Deep Carbon Observatory and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.
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