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Innate and adaptive immune responses in migrating spring-run adult chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Public Deposited

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/tx31qk46w

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Abstract
  • Adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) migrate from salt water to freshwater streams to spawn. Immune responses in migrating adult salmon are thought to diminish in the run up to spawning, though the exact mechanisms for diminished immune responses remain unknown. Here we examine both adaptive and innate immune responses as well as pathogen burdens in migrating adult Chinook salmon in the Upper Willamette River basin. Messenger RNA transcripts encoding antibody heavy chain molecules slightly diminish as a function of time, but are still present even after fish have successfully spawned. In contrast, the innate anti-bacterial effector proteins present in fish plasma rapidly decrease as spawning approaches. Fish also were examined for the presence and severity of eight different pathogens in different organs. While pathogen burden tended to increase during the migration, no specific pathogen signature was associated with diminished immune responses. Transcript levels of the immunosuppressive cytokines IL-10 and TGF beta were measured and did not change during the migration. These results suggest that loss of immune functions in adult migrating salmon are not due to pathogen infection or cytokine-mediated immune suppression, but is rather part of the life history of Chinook salmon likely induced by diminished energy reserves or hormonal changes which accompany spawning.
  • Keywords: Parasite burden, Salmon, Immune response
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  • Dolan, B. P., Fisher, K. M., Colvin, M. E., Benda, S. E., Peterson, J. T., Kent, M. L., & Schreck, C. B. (2016). Innate and adaptive immune responses in migrating spring-run adult chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 48, 136-144. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2015.11.015
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  • 48
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  • Funding for this study was provided by the US Army Corps of Engineers. This study was performed under the auspices of animal use protocol ACUP #4438. The Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Oregon State University, and the Wildlife Management Institute.
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