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Visualizing fiber path and generating G-code for melt electrowriting of tubular scaffolds using Grasshopper software

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/vt150s729

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  • Melt electrowriting (MEW) produces high-resolution, highly porous microfiber scaffolds that are consistently replicable. While typically used to produce planar scaffolds, tubular microfiber structures are increasingly needed for tissue engineering (TE) applications (e.g. vascular TE). Designing such microfiber tubes is challenging due to the continuous fiber deposition required by MEW, and the difficulty of coding a three-dimensional geometry without the ability to previsualize it. This study introduces a new design approach that simplifies programming, provides a digital scaffold preview, and rapidly generates G-code iterations in AeroBasic script (compatible with Aerotech axis system) by using Rhinoceros, a well-known CAD 3D modeling software, and its built-in algorithmic design plugin, Grasshopper. The resulting 1 mm and 3 mm inner diameter MEW tubes consisted of fiber diameters 10.8±0.7 µm or 20.7±0.9 µm and matched the programmed design. This visual prototyping platform through Rhinoceros and Grasshopper offers a new method in predicting fiber paths and incorporating scaffold design parameters, meeting the need for diverse tubular scaffolds in fields such as biofabrication, tissue engineering, cancer research, and 3D in vitro models of injuries and diseases. In this study, we investigate whether a digital preview of tubular scaffolds and corresponding G-code generation system can enhance the accuracy and efficiency of designing tubular microfiber scaffolds for biofabrication applications.
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