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Simultaneous HPLC-DAD quantification of vitamins A and E content in raw, pasteurized, and UHT cow’s milk and their changes during storage

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Abstract
  • An improved extraction and HPLC method for the simultaneous extraction and quantitation of retinol, α-tocopherol, α-tocotrienol and β-carotene was developed to analyze commercial whole/semi-skim/skim samples of raw/pasteurized/UHT milk in transparent plastic/glass bottles and Tetra Brik™ containers. The sample preparation method required prior saponification at 40ºC for 15 min followed by n-hexane extraction. An isocratic acetonitrile:methanol (65:35 v/v) mobile phase and UV detection were chosen for HPLC quantification. The liposoluble vitamin content in raw, pasteurized conventional/organic, and UHT milk ranged 0.055-5.540 (retinol), 0.135-1.410 (α-tocopherol), and 0.040-0.850 mg/L (β-carotene). No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed on losses of retinol, α-tocopherol, and β-carotene content in UHT whole milk after 5 days at 4ºC in the dark. After 14 days at 4ºC in the dark the contents of retinol, α-tocopherol, and β-carotene remained higher in milk with higher fat content and were higher in unopened containers. In UHT whole milk samples containing 0.02% NaN₃, retinol (33%) and α-tocopherol (11%) but not β-carotene (2%) decreased significantly (p<0.05).
  • Keywords: Vitamin E, Fat soluble vitamins, HPLC, Vitamin A, Food analysis, Cow’s milk
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  • Chotyakul, N., Pateiro-Moure, M., Saraiva, J. A., Torres, J. A., & Pérez-Lamela, C. (2014). Simultaneous HPLC–DAD quantification of vitamins A and E content in raw, pasteurized, and UHT cow’s milk and their changes during storage. European Food Research and Technology, 238(4), 535-547. doi:10.1007/s00217-013-2130-7
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  • 238
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  • 4
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  • The authors acknowledge funding from the INCITE program of the Galician Council of Innovation and Industry (Ref.09TAL019383PR), general support to the research groups of Universities of Vigo and Aveiro provided by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF/FEDER), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal), European Union, QREN, FEDER and COMPETE for funding the QOPNA research unit (project PEst-C/QUI/UI0062/2013), and Formula Grants no. 2011-31200-06041 and 2012-31200-06041 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
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