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Long-term explosive degassing and debris flow activity at West Mata submarine volcano

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Abstract
  • West Mata is a 1200 m deep submarine volcano where explosive boninite eruptions were observed in 2009. The acoustic signatures from the volcano’s summit eruptive vents Hades and Prometheus were recorded with an in situ (~25 m range) hydrophone during ROV dives in May 2009 and with local (~5 km range) moored hydrophones between December 2009 and August 2011. The sensors recorded low frequency (1–40 Hz), short duration explosions consistent with magma bubble bursts from Hades, and broadband, 1–5 min duration signals associated with episodes of fragmentation degassing from Prometheus. Long-term eruptive degassing signals, recorded through May 2010, preceded a several month period of declining activity. Degassing episodes were not recorded acoustically after early 2011, although quieter effusive eruption activity may have continued. Synchronous optical measurements of turbidity made between December 2009 and April 2010 indicate that turbidity maxima resulted from occasional south flank slope failures triggered by the collapse of accumulated debris during eruption intervals.
  • Keywords: debris, eruption, degassing, submarine
  • Keywords: debris, eruption, degassing, submarine
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  • Dziak, R. P., Bohnenstiehl, D. R., Baker, E. T., Matsumoto, H., Caplan‐Auerbach, J., Embley, R. W., ... & Chadwick, W. W. (2015). Long‐term explosive degassing and debris flow activity at West Mata submarine volcano. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(5), 1480-1487. doi:10.1002/2014GL062603
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  • 42
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  • 5
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  • This research is funded by National Science Foundation of China (grants 91428309 and 91028007), Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, and Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (grant 20100072110036). Data processing and mapping is supported by GMT [Wessel and Smith, 1995] and Seismic Unix [Cohen and Stockwell, 2002].
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