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Fishery Resource Management in Japanese Coastal Areas: A Historical and Institutional Overview

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  • For more than 1300 years, local resource users have been the principal decision makers of fishery resource management in the Japanese institutional framework. After the 2nd W.W., in order to democratize the fishery industry, dramatic institutional reform was carried out under Allied Occupation, and the Current Fishery Law was enacted in 1949. Viewing the Current Fishery Law from an institutional perspective, resource conservation is an integral part of resource use. In other words, resource conservation is the inherent restraint to exercise fishery rights and licenses. Also, Fishery Coordination Committees, which are composed of elected fishermen and local government officials etc., Fishery Cooperative Associations by local fishermen, and Voluntary Agreement Organizations play a main role in fishery adjustments such as rights/licenses allotments, conflict resolutions, local rulemaking, etc. Local governments or research institutes are supporting them through planning, scientific advice or guidelines amongst other things. An example in Kanagawa prefecture, including its administrative costs, is briefly shown as a case study. Recent resource related legislations such as the Resource Management Agreement System, or the Agreement System provided in the TAC Law, are also based upon voluntary agreements by fishermen, and are worth promoting in terms of their administrative cost effectiveness and adaptive capacity. This Japanese institutional system can be seen as a resource Co-Management system. Its system and experiences have the potential to contribute to countries with small scale fisheries, or countries that are going to democratize their fisheries.
  • Keywords: History, Institution, Japan, Co-Management, Resource Management, Fisheries Economics, Coastal Areas, Asian Fisheries and Aquaculture
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  • Makino, Mitsutaku. 2004. Fishery Resource Management in Japanese Coastal Areas: A Historical and Institutional Overview. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, July 20-30, 2004, Tokyo, Japan: What are Responsible Fisheries? Compiled by Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, Corvallis, Oregon, USA, 2004. CD ROM. ISBN 0-9763432-0-7
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