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Designing Management Alternatives for the U.S. Atlantic Sea Scallop Fishery: Potential Contribution of Stock Enhancement Programs and Rotation of Fishing Areas

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  • Atlantic Sea scallops have historically supported the second most valuable fishery in the northeastern United States. Intense fishing pressure during the early 1990s led to drastic decreases in population biomass and commercial landings. Total harvest, which exceeded 17,000 metric tons (MT) in 1990, declined to around 7,300 MT in 1993. Nevertheless, favorable recruitment events coupled with severe management regulations, including reductions in fishing days and the demarcation of closed areas with restricted access, have promoted a notable recovery of the resource in the last few years. The decline and subsequent recovery of the fishery has stimulated interest on management options such as stock enhancement and rotational fishing as logical extensions to the controlled-access programs currently in place. In this study, a bioeconomic model of the sea scallop fishery was constructed to determine the potential benefits of 1) a hatchery-based stock enhancement program, and 2) management of closed areas through rotational fishing. Results of the model indicate that enhancement would provide a much needed buffer against fluctuations of the natural stock; however, an effective enhancement program would require the development of a hatchery infrastructure that is yet not in place. In contrast, rotation of fishing areas represents a much simpler mechanism towards improved management of the scallop resource. Specifically, it is shown that much of the negative impact on the fleet caused by the closure of groundfish areas during the 1990s could have been mitigated by the demarcation of and controlled access to rotational fishing areas.
  • Keywords: sea scallops, rotational management, Mid-Atlantic Bight, Theoretical and Empirical Bio-Economic Analysis, enhancement, Fisheries Economics, Georges Bank
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  • Valderrama, Diego, James L. Anderson. 2004. Designing Management Alternatives for the U.S. Atlantic Sea Scallop Fishery: Potential Contribution of Stock Enhancement Programs and Rotation of Fishing Areas. Peer Review: No. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, July 20-30, 2004, Tokyo, Japan: What are Responsible Fisheries? Compiled by Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, Corvallis, Oregon, USA, 2004. CD ROM. ISBN 0-9763432-0-7
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