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The Political Economy of Fisheries Policy Reform: A Review of Key Issues

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  • Why are fisheries policies so hard to reform? While there are many examples of successful policy reform in the sector, these tend to be restricted to a few countries or individual fisheries. There remains significant scope for further reform to address pressing economic, environmental and social issues in the sector. The fisheries economics profession has identified the goals of fisheries management over the past few decades and there is now a well-developed body of literatures on the ingredients for successful management. These include clearly defined access rights, catch limits set with respect to ecological indicators, constraints on effort expansion, technical measures to deal with bycatch, and so on. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the actual process of policy reform. Reform attempts are often hampered by political issues and so it is necessary to examine the political economy of the reform process to better understand and address constraints to sustainable fisheries management. This paper provides a review of the key issues in the political economy of fisheries policy reform, with particular reference to OECD countries. While the specifics of the reform process will differ from country to country, there are some general insights that can be obtained from the large body on political economy. These include institutional design, governance arrangements, the distributional implications of policy change, and the role and power of stakeholders in decision making.
  • KEYWORDS: Political Economy, Policy Reform
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  • Cox, Anthony. 2006. The Politicial Economy of Fisheries Policy Reform: A Review of Key Issues. In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, July 11-14, 2006, Portsmouth, UK: Rebuilding Fisheries in an Uncertain Environment. Compiled by Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, Corvallis, Oregon, USA, 2006. CD ROM. ISBN 0-9763432-3-1
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  • The National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration Marine Fisheries Service, United States Department of Commerce (NOAA Fisheries); United Kingdom Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA); The United States Agency for International Development supported Aquaculture Collaborative Research and Support Program (ACRSP).
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