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Abstract |
- In Africa, the artisanal fishing plays a crucial role in the economy and
nutrition of populations. She participates in the equilibrium of the balance
of payments, and generates significant jobs. On the coast of Senegal in
particular, artisanal fisheries ranked first in economic activities. It carries
more than 1.8% of GDP, over 12% of the total GDP of primary industry
and is the main source of foreign currency in the country with 280 million
euros of income (Missions, 2006). Artisanal fisheries also carries 87% of
fish production on the coast and provides supply the domestic market, 60%
of export industries of fishery products (CRODT, 2000). It occupies a
significant part of the Senegalese population (600 000): over 52 000
fishermen (CRODT, 2006) and induced jobs related to artisanal processing
and fish trading. It contributes significantly to food security of the
Senegalese population: the fish is their main source of protein intake
(75%). However, fishing is now in environmental crisis: the exhaustion of
stocks of fisheries, decreased the size of species caught (Octopus vulgaris,
Epinephelus aenus, etc.), and lower landings of demersal species. This
situation leads to socio-economic crisis with falling incomes of fishermen
and the impoverishment of families. As aggravating factor, we find the last
few years, the supply of increasingly difficult market and local channels of
processing scale, more and more products being exported to the EU. The
crisis is indicative of very poor governance of the entire fishing industry.
Lack of supervision of actors in the sector, free access to the resource, the
importance of industrial fishing licenses issued to international partners
who operate unabated fishing areas are emblematic of the lack of reflection
global problems of resource management, regulatory actors and the
organization of streams in Senegal and, more broadly, in all the coastal
countries of West Africa in a context of growing local demand for food,
competition Global access and control of resources, and necessary
environmental management of internationalized production areas coveted.
Facing the challenges of globalization, but also local development, what
policies and development strategies and sustainable management are put in
place in the area of artisanal fishing? Keywords: Artisanal fisheries,
Senegalese coast, local development, globalization, sustainable
management of fisheries resources.
- Keywords: Fish and Aquaculture Sectors Development, Small Scale Fisheries, Fisheries Economics
- Keywords: Fish and Aquaculture Sectors Development, Small Scale Fisheries, Fisheries Economics
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- Astou, Niang Ndeye and Lesourd Michel. 2010. Sustainable Management of Fishery Resources and Development in Africa: Sustainable Management of Artisanal Fisheries and Local Development in Senegalese Coast Facing The Globalization of Fish Market. In: Proceedings of the Fifteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, July 13-16, 2010, Montpellier, France: Economics of Fish Resources and Aquatic Ecosystems: Balancing Uses, Balancing Costs. Compiled by Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, Corvallis, Oregon, USA, 2010.
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- US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries Division, Agence Française de Développement, Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, Ministère de L’Alimentation de L’Agriculture et de la Pêche, Ministère de l’Énergie, du Développement Durable et de la Mer, La Région Languedoc Rouslilon, Département Hérault, Montpellier Agglomèration, The Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada, and AquaFish Collaborative Research Support Program (CRSP).
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