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Fisher's participation in development activities in the community with different level of co-management processes (case study in Demak and Pemalang, Central Java-Indonesia)

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  • People’s participation in development efforts is to create sense of awareness and involvement, increase level of aspiration, and mobilize local resources for productive purposes. The process whereby people learn to take charge on their own lives and solve their own problems is the essence of development (Burkey, 1993). Many programs have been put on fisheries sector development in Indonesia. In facts, outcome of the development from region to region might different. This perhaps related to the condition of multi-ethnic and the diverse of natural resource endeavor. This study emphazise on fishers’ participation in development program with special reference to the community with different level of co-management processes (CMP). The level of CMP in this study are classified into low (case in Demak) and high (Pemalang) (see, Susilowati, 2001). Fishers’ participation in this study covers their activities in planning and decision-making, implementation, sharing benefits and evaluation of the development program. The sample of n=56 (Demak) and n=52 (Pemalang) were withdrawn by multistages sampling method. Descriptive statistics and parametrics analyses have been employed to analyze the data. Participation level of respondents in Demak majority (32 out of 56) are classified below the averaged participation score, while more than half (27 out of 52) respondents in Pemalang have participation rate above its average. The results indicated that participation of fishers in Demak and Pemalang - which have different level in co-management processes - is not statistically different (t=0.823; p-ve=0.412). In contrast, the participation of fishers with respect to sex and education factors are found significantly different with t=34.449 and F=2.450, respectively. Furthermore, age, education, sex, and number of family members were found as the important factors (at p-value from 0.000 to 0.080, subsequently) to influence participation of respondents in development efforts. However, income and region where fishers’ live-in were not able to explain the participation. Moreover, it was found that the independent variables mentioned above were able to discriminate the level of participation as indicated from F-approx=3.198 (p-value=0.000) with 63.9% of original grouped cases into low and high participation are correctly classified. In order to improve fishers’ participation in development efforts, particularly in fisheries management and conflict resolution then introducing co-management approach should be encouraged seriously. This in accordance to the policy outlined by ICLARM or Worldfish (Pomeroy et al., 1994 and Kuperan et al., 2003).
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  • Susilowati, Indtah, Waridin. 2004. Fisher's participation in development activities in the community with different level of co-management processes (case study in Demak and Pemalang, Central Java-Indonesia). Peer Review: No. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, July 20-30, 2004, Tokyo, Japan: What are Responsible Fisheries? Compiled by Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, Corvallis, Oregon, USA, 2004. CD ROM. ISBN 0-9763432-0-7
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