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Strong Bones Start Young

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  • As a gymnast tumbles, she runs, pounces, flips and lands with a perfect thud. Some people cringe as they imagine the sequence to be painful, but science has recently shown the pounding may actually be beneficial. Many studies have found weight-­‐bearing exercise encourages bone repair and calcification. Additionally, those who are involved in weight-­‐bearing exercise at a younger age are more likely to have higher bone mineral density later on in life (Dyson, 1997). Each year, over 8.9 million people across the world suffer from a fracture caused by osteoporosis, a medical condition in which the bones become brittle (Johnell, O. & Kanis, J., 2006). As the prevalence of osteoporosis is high, especially in post-­‐menopausal women, it is crucial to study not only ways to treat it, but also how to prevent or slow down the disease. Gymnastics, a high impact sport, may be an ideal weight-­‐bearing activity to promote a higher bone mineral density in children and young adults. Bass and colleagues (1998) proposed participation in sports during puberty may actually interfere with growth in girls due to interrupting normal hormonal cycles, which might in turn lead to lower peak bone mass. Prior to puberty, growth is sex hormone independent and exercise works as a stimulant for growth hormone secretion. Different sports may have various effects on bone mineral density on a range of body locations. The purpose of this paper is to analyze bone mineral density in gymnasts compared to other athletes and non-­‐athletes at different stages throughout the lifespan.
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