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The effects of water velocity on the Ceratomyxa shasta infectious cycle Public Deposited

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  • Ceratomyxa shasta is a myxozoan parasite identified as a contributor to salmon mortality in the Klamath River, USA. The parasite has a complex life cycle involving a freshwater polychaete, Manayunkia speciosa and a salmonid. As part of ongoing research on how environmental parameters influence parasite establishment and replication, we designed a laboratory experiment to examine the effect of water flow (velocity) on completion of the C. shasta infectious cycle. The experiment tested the effect of two water velocities, 0.05 and 0.01 m/s, on survival and infection of M. speciosa as well as transmission to susceptible rainbow trout and comparatively resistant Klamath River Chinook salmon. The faster water velocity facilitated the greatest polychaete densities, but the lowest polychaete infection prevalence. Rainbow trout became infected in all treatments, but at the slower velocity had a shorter mean day to death, indicating a higher infectious dose. Infection was not detected in Chinook salmon even at a dose estimated to be as high as 80,000 actinospores per fish. The higher water velocity resulted in lower C. shasta infection prevalence in M. speciosa and decreased infection severity in fish. Another outcome of our experiment is the description of a system for maintaining and infecting M. speciosa in the laboratory.
  • This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The article can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291365-2761.
  • Keywords: Ceratomyxa shasta, Water velocity, Salmonids, Manayunkia speciosa, Infection, Parasite ecology
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  • Bjork, S. J. and Bartholomew, J. L. (2009), The effects of water velocity on the Ceratomyxa shasta infectious cycle. Journal of Fish Diseases, 32: 131–142. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2761.2008.00964.x
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  • 32
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  • 2
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  • The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, supplied Shasta strain rainbow trout through NIH.NIEHS grant number ES00210. This study was funded by the Public Interest Energy Research Program of California Energy Commission through the Pulsed Flow Program of the Center of Aquatic Biology and Aquaculture of the University of California, Davis. Additional funding was provided by the Fish and Wildlife Service through the Klamath River Basin Fisheries Task Force.
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