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Efficient Fabrication of Nanoporous Si and Si/Ge Enabled by a Heat Scavenger in Magnesiothermic Reactions

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/9880vr643

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  • Magnesiothermic reduction can directly convert SiO₂ into Si nanostructures. Despite intense efforts, efficient fabrication of highly nanoporous silicon by Mg still remains a significant challenge due to the exothermic reaction nature. By employing table salt (NaCl) as a heat scavenger for the magnesiothermic reduction, we demonstrate an effective route to convert diatom (SiO₂) and SiO₂/GeO₂ into nanoporous Si and Si/Ge composite, respectively. Fusion of NaCl during the reaction consumes a large amount of heat that otherwise collapses the nano-porosity of products and agglomerates silicon domains into large crystals. Our methodology is potentially competitive for a practical production of nanoporous Si-based materials.
  • Keywords: Energy storage, Nanoparticles, Porous silicon, Nanowires, Chemical reduction, Dioxide, Electrodes, Anode materials, Lithium ion batteries, Crystalline
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  • Luo, W., Wang, X., Meyers, C., Wannenmacher, N., Sirisaksoontorn, W., Lerner, M. M., & Ji, X. (2013). Efficient fabrication of nanoporous si and si/ge enabled by a heat scavenger in magnesiothermic reactions. Scientific Reports, 3, 2222. doi:10.1038/srep02222
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  • 3
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  • We thank Oregon State University for the financial supports for this work. We appreciate the help from Teresa Sawyer, Dr. Peter Eschbach and Joshua Razink for their kind help in TEM measurements in OSU EM Facility, funded by National Science Foundation, Murdock Charitable Trust and Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute, and CAMCOREM Facility.
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