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Air-sea interaction over ocean fronts and eddies

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Abstract
  • Air-sea interaction at ocean fronts and eddies exhibits positive correlation between sea surface temperature (SST), wind speed, and heat fluxes out of the ocean, indicating that the ocean is forcing the atmosphere. This contrasts with larger scale climate modes where the negative correlations suggest that the atmosphere is driving the system. This paper examines the physical processes that lie behind the interaction of sharp SST gradients and the overlying marine atmospheric boundary layer and deeper atmosphere, using high resolution satellite data, field data and numerical models. The importance of different physical mechanisms of atmospheric response to SST gradients, such as the effect of surface stability variations on momentum transfer, pressure gradients, secondary circulations and cloud cover will be assessed. The atmospheric response is known to create small-scale wind stress curl and divergence anomalies, and a discussion of the feedback of these features onto the ocean will also be presented. These processes will be compared and contrasted for different regions such as the Equatorial Front in the Eastern Pacific, and oceanic fronts in mid-latitudes such as the Gulf Stream, Kuroshio, and Agulhas Return Current.
  • Keywords: Agulhas current, Boundary layers, Air-sea interaction, Fronts, Eddies, Gulf stream, Meteorology, Kuroshio, Oceanography
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  • Small, R. J., de Szoeke, S. P., Xie, S. P., O’Neill, L., Seo, H., Song, Q., ... & Minobe, S. (2008). Air-sea interaction over ocean fronts and eddies. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 45(3/4), 274-319. doi:10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2008.01.001
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  • 45
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  • 43528
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  • S.-P.X. and R.J.S. were supported by NASA (grant NAG-10045 and JPL contract 1216010), NOAA (NA17RJ1230), NSF (ATM01-04468 and ATM00-02322), and by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) through its sponsorship of the International Pacific Research Center. M.S.was supported by ONR grant N00014-05-1-0300. H.S.was supported by the NOAA Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, administered by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. L.O.’N. was supported by NASA (Grant NAS5-32965 Contract 1283973) and the National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associateship Award. Q.S. was supported by NASA (grant NAS5-32965) via Oregon State University. Support for PC. was provided by the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. IPRC contribution number535 and SOEST contribution number 7505.
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